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HIGHBIO2 PROJECT PUBLICATION 98 Electrocoagulation of condensing water Electrocoagulation is a water and wastewater treatment technology that combines the advantages of coagulation, flotation, and electrochemistry. Electrolysis is a process in which oxidation and reduction reactions take place when electric current is applied to an electrolytic solution. Electrocoagulation is based on dissolution of the electrode material used as an anode. This so-called sacrificial anode produces metal ions that act as coagulant agents in the aqueous solution in situ. At its simplest, an electrocoagulation system consists of an anode and a cathode made of metal plates, both submerged in the aqueous solution being treated. The electrodes are usually made of aluminum, iron, or stainless steel (SS), because these metals are cheap, readily available, proven effective, and non- toxic. The initial pH of the condensing water was 8.7. Electrocoagulation was tested and even the added salt did not help the current power to rise, which indicates that the treatment was not successful for the purification of condensing water (Kuokkanen et al., 2013). Aeration of the sample Aeration with compressed air was performed with small bubble aeration. The air was pressed through pumicite that splits the air current into smaller bubbles and intensified the aeration. Bubbling time was five hours. The COD value increased the most during this treatment, because the water is vaporized during aeration and therefore concentrates the sample solution. (MTB, 1999) Extraction with oils and solvents Extraction with oils was also tested. The oils tested included used motor oil, biodiesel, and rapeseed oil. These experiments were not successful, because in the water phase and the oil phase a water-oil emulsion formed and the degree of purification of organic material in the condensing water was minimal, at least without further processing of the emulsion (Kuokkanen et al., 2013). The two alcohols––heptanol and hexanol––were tested as extractants and the result was clearly better than other methods. Purification was tested with kerosene (paraffin) and the result was also good. The amounts used in extraction were 100 ml of wastewater and 10 ml of the extraction agent. Smaller amount of solvent was also tested: 5 ml of solvent and 150 ml of wastewater. TOC (Total Organic Carbon) valuesPDF Image | BIOMASS TO ENERGY AND CHEMICALS HighBio2 Project Publication
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