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LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1 Water Requirements for Power Generation (in Gallons per MWh of Plant Output) ................................................................................................................................. 1-4 Table 1-2 California Power Plants Approved or Under Review by the CEC as of October 9, 2001 (CEC, 2001) ............................................................................................................ 1-5 Table 1-3 Tradeoffs Among Various Types of Cooling Systems................................................ 1-9 Table 2-1 Steam Cycle Cooling System Conditions ................................................................... 2-3 Table 2-2 Nomenclature ............................................................................................................ 2-17 Table 3-1 Early Major Dry Cooling Installations .......................................................................... 3-5 Table 3-2 Dry Cooling in the United States (Source: Vendor Lists—Appendix B) ..................... 3-7 Table 3-3 Plants Interviewed for O&M Experience..................................................................... 3-9 Table 4-1 Site Specifications ....................................................................................................... 4-8 Table 5-1 Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient vs. Tubeside Water Velocity in Surface Steam Condensers (source: HEI Handbook) .................................................................... 5-10 Table 5-2 Surface Steam Condensers, Supplier-Quoted Prices (Equipment "Ex-Works") ..... 5-12 Table 5-3 Surface Steam Condensers—Normalized Budget Prices........................................ 5-12 Table 5-4 Capital Cost Elements for Wet Cooling System Equipment for New Plants ............ 5-15 Table 5-5 Capital Cost Breakdown for Wet Cooling System Equipment at California Central Valley Location, “Low First Cost” Design ............................................................. 5-16 Table 5-6 Site-to-Site Cost Estimates—Wet Cooling Tower and Surface Condenser for New 500-MWe Combined-Cycle Plants with 170-MWe Steam Cycle.............................. 5-17 Table 5-7 Relative Humidity at Peak Temperature Periods...................................................... 5-23 Table 5-8 Capital Cost Elements for Dry Cooling System Equipment for New Facilities......... 5-25 Table 5-9 Cases for Penalty Evaluation Analysis ..................................................................... 5-31 Table 5-10 Operating Hours Above Given Back Pressure ....................................................... 5-33 Table 5-11 Lost Energy from Heat Rate Penalty....................................................................... 5-34 Table 5-12 Lost Output from Capacity Reduction Penalty—Steam Side Only......................... 5-34 Table 5-13 Lost Output from Capacity Reduction Penalty—Whole Plant ................................ 5-35 Table 5-14 Lost Energy from Heat Rate Penalty....................................................................... 5-35 Table 5-15 Evaluated Cost of Lost Output from Capacity Reduction Penalty—Steam Side Only............................................................................................................................ 5-36 Table 5-16 Evaluated Cost of Lost Output from Capacity Reduction Penalty—Whole Plant ................................................................................................................................... 5-36 xixPDF Image | Comparison of Alternate Cooling Technologies for California Power Plants Economic, Environmental and Other Tradeoffs
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