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Comparison of Alternate Cooling Technologies for California Power Plants Economic, Environmental and Other Tradeoffs

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Comparison of Alternate Cooling Technologies for California Power Plants Economic, Environmental and Other Tradeoffs ( comparison-alternate-cooling-technologies-california-power-p )

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operating conditions in California and presents the characteristics of each site. Section 5 develops the cost comparison methodology, assembles the cost information, applies the approach to each of the four case studies, and provides an analysis/synthesis of the results that can be used for more generalized comparisons and for understanding the effect of selected site-specific conditions. Section 6 provides a brief comparison of the environmental effects of the different systems. The next two sections look to the future: Section 7 reviews current research and development activities with promise for addressing some of the problems associated with water-conserving cooling systems, and Section 8 identifies and describes emerging technologies that may become preferred alternatives to current technology. Section 9 summarizes the conclusions and recommendations resulting from the study. Several appendices contain much of the raw information obtained in the course of the study. References 1. California Department of Finance (CaDOF, 1998). California population statistics, URL: http://www. dof.ca.gov/html/Demograp/Proj_race.htm. 2. California Department of Finance (CaDOF, 1999). California population statistics, URL: http://www. dof.ca.gov/html/Demograp/1900-90.htm. 3. California Department of Water Resources, (CaDWR, 1998), California Water Plan Update, Bulletin 160-98, Nov. 1998. 4. California Energy Commission (CEC, 2001) Power Plant Licensing Cases, URL: http://www.energy.ca.gov/sitingcases/backgrounder.html 5. California Energy Commission (CEC, 2001a), Environmental Performance Report of California’s Electric Generation Facilities, P700-01-001, July, 2001 6. (EPRI, 2000), Maulbetsch, J. S. CEC/EPRI Workshop: Environmental Impacts of New Generation in California; San Diego, CA. Palo Alto, CA 7. (EPRI, 1989) Mitchell, R. D. Survey of Water-Conserving Heat Rejection Systems, EPRI GS-6252, EPRI, Palo Alto, CA, 1989 Mar. 8. SWRCB, 1975. Resolution No. 75-58: Water Quality Control Policy on the Use and Disposal of Inland Waters Used for Power Plant Cooling. California State Water Resources Control Board, 1975 Jul. 9. SWRCB, 1996 . California Water Use Statistics URL: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov, 1996. 10. U. S. Department of Commerce, (USDOC, 2000). California Gross State Product, 1963 to 1998,. URL: http://www.bea.doc.gov /bea/regional/gsp/action.cfm, 2000 Sept. 5. Introduction 1-11

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