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Table 2-1 Steam Cycle Cooling System Conditions Power Plant Cooling Systems Quantity Nominal plant capacity Configuration Gas turbine output Steam turbine output Steam turbine exhaust flow Turbine back pressure Cooling system heat load Plant heat input Overall plant efficiency, LHV Steam turbine heat rate Steam turbine efficiency, LHV Gas turbine efficiency, LHV Once-Through Cooling Value 500 MWe 2 x 1 165 MW each; (330 MW total) 170 MWe 1,000,000 pounds per hour @ 5% moisture 2.5 in Hga; (Tcond = 108.7 oF) 980 million Btu per hour Performance Characteristics 3.1 x 109 Btu per hour 55% 9,200 Btu/kwh @ 2.5 in Hga 37% 36% In this simplest case, cooling water is drawn from a local source (i.e., ocean, lake, river, or other), passed through the condenser tubes, and returned to the environment at a higher temperature. Steam is condensed in a shell-and-tube surface condenser. The system is shown schematically in Figure 2-2. For the base plant defined in Table 2-1, the cooling system load is met with circulating water flows of 500 to 750 gpm/MWe (30,000 to 45,000 gal/MWh) and a water temperature rise of about 15 to 25oF. Advantages are • Highest efficiency, • Lowest installation and operating costs, and • Low water consumption. 2-3PDF Image | Comparison of Alternate Cooling Technologies for California Power Plants Economic, Environmental and Other Tradeoffs
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