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Power Plant Cooling Systems Disadvantages are • Highest withdrawal rates, • Entrainment/impingement, and • Thermal discharge plume. Steam Cooling Water Inlet Tcold Condenser Cooling Water Discharge T hot River Thot - Tcold = Range = 20oF (typ.) Figure 2-2 Power Plant Cooling System Arrangements: Once-Through Cooling Recirculating Wet Cooling Recirculating cooling systems are similar to once-through systems in that the steam is condensed in water-cooled shell-and-tube surface condensers but unlike them in that the heated cooling water is not returned to the environment. Instead, it is cooled in evaporative cooling towers and recirculated to the condenser. A typical system is shown schematically in Figure 2-3. Advantages are • Reduced withdrawal rates, and • Reduced entrainment/impingement. Disadvantages are • Decreased plant efficiency, • Higher capital cost, • Higher water consumption/evaporation, • Visible plume/drift emissions, • Wastewater treatment requirements, 2-4PDF Image | Comparison of Alternate Cooling Technologies for California Power Plants Economic, Environmental and Other Tradeoffs
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