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Comparison of Alternate Cooling Technologies for California Power Plants Economic, Environmental and Other Tradeoffs

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Comparison of Alternate Cooling Technologies for California Power Plants Economic, Environmental and Other Tradeoffs ( comparison-alternate-cooling-technologies-california-power-p )

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4CASE STUDY SITE SELECTION Within California, there are great variations in climate, hydrology, and elevation—all important considerations in the siting of power plants and in the choice of cooling systems. The approach taken in this project was to select four case study sites that span the range of conditions likely to be encountered in siting deliberations for new power plants using other than once-through ocean cooling for steam-cycle heat rejection. Figure 4-1 shows the locations of all existing power plants in the state. In addition to numerous coastal sites, there are large concentrations of plants in the San Francisco Bay Area, the Los Angeles Basin, the Central Valley, and the Delta Region. The many plants in the northern and eastern parts of the state are mostly hydroelectric units. Figure 4-2 indicates the sites of future plants—approved, expected, and currently in the application process. The case studies are intended to span the range of important site characteristics for locations likely to be chosen for future gas-fired plants in the state. This section introduces key characteristics and identifies case study sites. Important Site Characteristics The comparative performance and cost of wet, dry, and hybrid cooling systems for combined- cycle power plants are determined by a number of characteristics of the site. The most important are • Site meteorology, • Site elevation, • Water availability, • Wind conditions, • Local environmental constraints, and • Proximity to other activities. These characteristics are described below. 4-1

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