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Comparative Cost Analyses Two differences may account for the lack of agreement. The tube materials in the analysis by Hutton (1999) were copper (presumably Cu-Ni or Admiralty, but not specified) rather than 304 stainless steel, and the unit sizes ranged from 100,000 to 400,000 lb/hr in steam flow, as compared to 1,000,000 lb/hr. An informal consultation with the vendor that supplied the estimates in Table 5-2 suggests that these differences might result in “budget prices” in the $15 to $20/sq ft range. This translates to an “installed price” range of $18 to $25/sq ft, approaching that of Hutton (1999). Wet Cooling Towers The base system chosen to represent recirculating wet cooling is the mechanical draft, cross-flow wet cooling tower in the traditional in-line arrangement of cells to form a rectangular tower (as shown schematically in Figure 2-4). This choice, while giving up some performance and efficiency advantage to counter-flow designs, has initial cost, maintenance, and operability advantages, certainly in comparison with natural draft or circular mechanical draft designs. This is particularly true for the modest sizes required for the steam-cycle portion of combined-cycle plants, typical of the current California market. The major capital cost elements are characterized in Table 5-4. Table 5-5 provides a typical cost breakdown by cost element for a selected case study example, the Central Valley Site (designed for 2.5 in. Hga at average seasonal temperature and humidity: Tavg. dry bulb = 67°F; Tavg. wet bulb = 60°F). 5-14PDF Image | Comparison of Alternate Cooling Technologies for California Power Plants Economic, Environmental and Other Tradeoffs
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