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Comparative Cost Analyses Table 5-5 Capital Cost Breakdown for Wet Cooling System Equipment at California Central Valley Location, “Low First Cost” Design Element Wet cooling tower Installation/erection Surface steam condenser Tower basin Electricals and controls Circulating water system (@ ~5–6%) Water supply/intake structure (@ 2%) Water treatment/blowdown discharge (@ 1%) Auxiliary cooling (@ ~5–6%) Total Wet System Cost Analysis Cost 1,377,000 (included in above) 1,486,000 165,500 125,000 170,000 70,000 35,000 170,000 3,600,000 Budget prices were obtained for wet cooling towers for each of the four reference sites described in Section 4. For each site, tower size and power requirements were determined for a series of operating conditions corresponding to a range of circulating water flow rates and, hence, tower ranges. In all cases, the hot water (or "tower on”) temperature was assumed to be 109oF. Assuming a condenser terminal temperature difference (TTD) of 7oF, this corresponds to a condensing temperature of 116oF and a turbine back pressure of 3 in. Hga. The circulating water flows for the specified design heat load of 980 x 106 Btu/hr ranged from a maximum of 130,800 gpm (tower range = 15oF) to a minimum of 65,400 gpm (tower range = 30oF). The flow was never reduced to a level where the approach to wet bulb would be less than 5oF. Two criteria were used for each site: • A “low first cost” case in which the capital cost of the tower was minimized at the expense of additional fan power; and • An “evaluated cost” case in which the sum of the capital cost and the cost of power evaluated over the assumed 30-year life of the tower was minimized. The latter method results in a more expensive tower but a lower lifetime cost. The budget price for the tower included the erected/installed cost of the tower itself, the basin costs, and the fan/motor costs, but not other items such as the condenser. Those elements of the cost that were or were not included—and how they were accounted for to develop the capital 5-16PDF Image | Comparison of Alternate Cooling Technologies for California Power Plants Economic, Environmental and Other Tradeoffs
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