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The cost of the power required to operate the pumps and fans of the cooling system is borne continuously for the life of the plant. In order to put these continuing future costs on a common basis with the initial capital costs, they have been converted into an “evaluated cost per kW.” The evaluated cost of a future lost kW depends on many factors—the value of the energy it would have generated, an anticipated escalation or inflation rate, an expected discount rate, and a marginal tax rate and the life of the plant over which the costs are to be borne. The values chosen for evaluating the cooling system power costs are an energy cost of $60/MWh, a 6.7% discount rate, a 3% escalation, a 50% tax rate, and a 30-year plant life. These result in an evaluated power cost of $3625/kW. These parameters were selected in discussions with vendors, users, and the CEC as reasonable values for the power industry situation in California at the present time. All of these values are subject to significant variability and debate, and a complete parametric treatment would be valuable. It is beyond the scope of this study at this time, however. Therefore, this method for evaluating power costs for comparison and optimization purposes will be used throughout the study, with energy cost varied in the treatment of penalty costs. Figures 5-13 and 5-14 show the actual total evaluated cost of each of the cases, where the power costs are evaluated as described above. Comparative Cost Analyses 10,000,000 9,000,000 8,000,000 7,000,000 6,000,000 Desert Site Mountain Site Valley Site Bay Area Site 5,000,000 0 5 10 15 20 25 Approach, deg F Figure 5-13 Wet Cooling System Total Evaluated Cost vs. Approach for Low First Cost Design (for New 500-MWe Facilities with 170-MWe Steam Cycle) 5-21 Total Evaluated Cost, $PDF Image | Comparison of Alternate Cooling Technologies for California Power Plants Economic, Environmental and Other Tradeoffs
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