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The size of a Barbados’ GDP does not limit its capacity to research or to realize its potential for energy security. Barbados finds itself, inadvertently, a leader in the re- gion, while trying and succeeding thus far with attaining energy security. Despite the great strides Barbados has made towards achieving energy security through so- lar energy development, there continues to be significant emphasis on alternative energy as another feasible option to assist with achieving security. This is evident as, according to the Draft Barbados National Energy Policy, Government is looking to introduce a 10 percent ethanol to gasoline mix termed ‘gasohol’. Under the reform of the sugar industry it intends for approximately 14.7 million litres of ethanol to be produced annually to meet that requirement. The levels of ethanol content in the gasoline are to be progressively increased over the 20-year design period. Recogniz- ing that ethanol can be used in the production of biodiesel, Government has pledged to encourage further investment in ethanol production. Barbados consumes approximately 100 million litres of diesel annually. Government has also proposed in the draft policy to mandate two percent biodiesel content for all diesel-fuelled vehicles by 2012, increased to 10 percent by 2025. An estimated 4.5 million litres of used cooking oil annually generated can be converted into biodiesel. Government has expressed the intention of providing incentives to the private sec- tor for the development of the biodiesel industry. Barbados has estimated natural gas reserves of 141.4 million cubic metres, with an annual consumption of 29.17 million cubic metres. With national supplies expected to run out in the next five to fifteen years, Government has turned its attention to its oil-rich neighbour Trinidad and Tobago as a source of natural gas. Cabinet recently approved the importation of gas through the pipeline being constructed by Trinidadian private company Eastern Caribbean Gas Pipeline Co. The pipeline is designed to deliver gas from Tobago to Barbados, St Lucia, Martinique, Guadeloupe and Dominica. The Minister of Energy and the Environment has stated that the increased volume of gas (between 30 mil- lion and 40 million cubic feet a day) would allow the national grid to expand in the first five years to supply a further 13 000 households across Barbados with natural gas, while guaranteeing security of supply to the Barbados Light & Power, which is in the process of constructing an 80-megawatt generation plant at Trents, St. Lucy capable of using natural gas. A feasibility study was carried out to build a wind farm in the north of the island. Barbados Light and Power projects that the facility could generate as much as 26 million KWh annually. Given the current price of fuel imports, the facility could save $4.6 million a year. A Fuel Cane Power Generation feasibility assessment was also carried out. A 30 MW plant could generate 263 million KWh and reduce the fuel import bill by US $29 million per year. The Draft Barbados National Energy Policy, 2007, outlined that the government is looking to increase energy efficiency by pro- moting energy efficient technologies and usage. Additionally, the government, in ac- cordance with following the policy’s mandate, has recently turned its attention to energy conservation and efficiency in sectors of the economy to promote its vision of “green economics”. There are a number of initiatives outlined in the 2007 document, which will include incentives to manage and minimize solid waste, while encourag- ENERGY SECURITY OF THE CARIBBEAN 111PDF Image | Confronting the Energy Security Dilemma of the Caribbean
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