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112 INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC POLICY REVIEW ing and promoting recycling and separation. There is also the integration of promot- ing “Green” building techniques and standards, making buildings and designs more eco-friendly and enhancing energy sustainability. The use of alternative fuels and renewable energy with tax incentives are a major element in the list of initiatives. They are vital in increasing technologies that are most capable of reducing and, per- haps, eliminating the energy vulnerability of Barbados. The government has found it necessary to lead by example and, as a result, the policy mandates the public sector to ensure and improve energy conservation. This is essential to the progress and sustainable development of the economy and society as a whole. The government has made commitments, in the National Draft, to implement eco- nomic incentives to promote energy conservation and efficient energy use in order to enhance the efficiency of renewable energy sources. Also, the government seeks to introduce standards for efficient energy use in technologies in order to regulate consumption in the sector. There is also a initiative to encourage the large-scale gen- eration of energy using renewable sources and promote research and development into renewable energy. These initiatives and commitments apply to a plethora of options Barbados is ex- ploring as some of the projects currently under consideration are listed as: 1. 16MW in wind turbine farms at good wind sites in northern Barbados. 2. A 3 MW ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) plant. 3. A 10 MW waste combustion plant. 4. A 2 MW wave power plant (consultations have begun with a UK company who have just installed a 500 kW plant on an island off the west coast of Scotland) 5. 2 MW of solar PV distributed around the island. 6. Setting up manufacturing facilities to produce high purity silicon for the computer chip and solar PV industries. (The possibility of a joint venture with Trinidad and Guyana is being explored), (Government of Barbados 2003:26). The research and development of renewable energy is fundamental to the endog- enous growth theory, making the theory substantially applicable in many respects to the context of Barbados. Considering that Barbados is also a SIDS, there is a great need for research and development through investment in education and the ap- plication of skilled resources to produce higher value-added goods. Although small economies generally do not have either the capacity or the resources to engage in research and development, Barbados is making great strides in advancing itself in the knowledge-driven global economy. This contextual transition allows this rela- tively small economy to transform higher value-added activities which evolve into sustainable development and growth. This is all evidenced where the government has acknowledged its efforts and developments in the field of solar water-heating systems and, “the government now says that it will seek to promote and export the solar hot water system (SHWS) model to the rest of the region” (Keith 2007). There are exceptional benefits to renewable energies, not only in terms of achieving energy and economic security, but also by providing a product and service in a niche mar- ket, where the SIDS are no longer vulnerable to international trends, but can lead thePDF Image | Confronting the Energy Security Dilemma of the Caribbean
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