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Confronting the Energy Security Dilemma of the Caribbean

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Confronting the Energy Security Dilemma of the Caribbean ( confronting-energy-security-dilemma-caribbean )

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To govern and guide the country in a sustainable direction, Guyana has formulated a National Energy Policy (NEP) in which the basic core idea is the substitution of imported fossil fuels through the promotion and increased use of renewable sources of energy with which Guyana is well endowed. Recognizing the vital link between energy and development, the NEP administers short, medium and long term techno- logical options for satisfying energy demand. Guyana is well endowed with renew- able energy resources including hydropower, biomass, solar, wind and biogas. The NEP reviewed energy supply mixes and recommended a shift toward further use of renewable sources of energy (United Nations). The progress Guyana has made given its limited financial resources must be ac- knowledged. Furthermore, the land mass of Guyana is both a benefit and a hindrance. Guyana’s large territory holds many resources that remain untapped. However, this large area is a challenge to ensuring energy security in even remote villages. The energy sector finds the Institute of Applied Science and Technology (IAST hereafter) intensely involved in the effort to draft an agro-energy policy for Guyana. Since 2006 the institute has begun an aggressive project targeted at the production of biodiesel on a commercial basis in Guyana. The objective is to foster the adaptation of biodie- sel and feedstock technologies, to improve the feasibility so that by 2020 the country would derive 65% of its diesel demand from agricultural feedstock. Essentially, the institute’s progress, “marked the first time that biodiesel has been produced, tested, and implemented at commercial levels in Guyana – a seminal achievement” (IAST ). According to the IAST, partnerships are vital to achieving and ensuring success in various ventures. In order to produce, test, and advertise the benefits of the new technology, the IAST has partnerships with a number of private companies and gov- ernment institutions.The IAST and MACORP entered into a ‘Memorandum of Under- standing’ to test the biodiesel produced on heavy duty machinery distributed by the company. Furthermore, MACORP donated at the beginning of this project, some 10 barrels of methanol to the project, at an approximate cost of GUY$300,000. Banks DIH ltd. and IAST entered into a partnership to utilize the used vegetable oil from Banks food service and food retail operations. This partnership has existed since 2006 and the IAST continues to process used oil from Banks DIH, which would have normally have to be composted into waste, into useful, high quality biodiesel. IAST and the National Agricultural Research Institute (NARI) enjoy a partnership aimed at a collaborative development of biodiesel and bioethanol feedstock. In particular, the two sister agencies have an active collaboration in the cultivation of improved strains of Jatropha Curcas (Physic Nut) and soya bean oil, both for the production of biodiesel. Additionally, the two agencies collaborate on the technical due dili- gence of new feedstock for the production of biofuels which are proposed by inves- tors wanting to invest in this sector in Guyana. IAST and the Guyana Energy Agency (GEA) collaborate on biofuel matters and on energy conservation and solar energy projects, both from regulatory and good practices perspectives, as well as on actual ENERGY SECURITY OF THE CARIBBEAN 117 factory that will include cogeneration facilities for the combined generation of heat and power” (Government of Guyana 2004:41).

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