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124 INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC POLICY REVIEW The Government, through the Ministry of Energy and Energy Industries (MEEI), has been pursuing a number of initiatives in the context of its sustainable development goals and objectives. The foremost initiatives are: • “Creating a facilitative environment for the development of alternative energy projects including renewable energy projects. • Promoting compressed natural gas (CNG) as an alternative fuel to replace, as far as possible, diesel from the transportation fuel mix. Special programmes to push CNG use in vehicle fleets, especially those owned by the Government and state agencies. • Initiation of a project to completely phase out lead in gasoline. The new brand of unleaded gasoline would be blended so as to be free both of lead and methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE). • Natural Gas Compression: The National Gas Company compresses low-pressure natural gas at its Teak and Poui platforms for use mainly in electricity generation. The utilization of such gas, that was formerly flared, reduces the release of green- house gases into the atmosphere and promotes greater efficiency in the use of the country’s gas resources, while providing a cheap form of energy for producing electricity. • Promotion of solar water heating to reduce demand for electricity generated by fossil fuels by active involvement in two projects, one in Tobago managed by the Tobago Bed and Breakfast Association and the other in Trinidad managed by the Trinidad Host Homes Association. These projects are to be forerunners for other renewable energy projects in remote areas outside of the existing grid” (Govern- ment of Trinidad and Tobago 2003). The main renewable projects identified in Trinidad and Tobago are solar energy, biomass, wave energy and wind energy. Being a Caribbean island, Trinidad and To- bago is exposed to limitless solar energy, which also permits this to be the most widely utilized of all new and renewable energy technologies in the country. The University of the West Indies (UWI) has been spearheading research in the region in this area. This initiative by UWI has taken the fore in comparison to the initiatives of the Government of Trinidad and Tobago. A number of solar dryers, solar cookers and solar stills have been installed over the years in Trinidad and Tobago, some of which are inactive today. In terms of wind power, the wind resource in Trinidad and Tobago has been deter- mined to be relatively poor. However, there has been experimentation in the 1990s with the establishment of a hybrid wind and photovoltaic system at a school in Mate- lot Village on the North East coast of Trinidad. There was also a pilot wind project which was also successfully completed in Tobago in 1999 in order to determine the conditions under which a wind turbine generator could generate electricity and feed it into the existing power grid. As for alternative energy, biomass is generated from the by-products of sugar cane harvesting. Some bagasse has been used together with this by Caroni to fire the boil- ers at the beginning of the sugar cane harvesting season. Additionally, some experi-PDF Image | Confronting the Energy Security Dilemma of the Caribbean
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