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underground (0, 06 W/m2) caused by the geothermal gradient. A consequence of the increased heat flux would be that the surface will be unfrozen during winter and that snow will be melted quicker than in the surroundings. The area with grass will potentially have an increased time of growing and may even grow in the winter. The nearby dam will probably not be affected at all since heat that leaks out here will mix and disappear with the flow of water through the dam. 9. CONCLUSIVE REMARKS Using HT-BTES for seasonal storage has been a subject for research and development within IEA since early 1980: ties. At present the technology is fairly well established in a number of countries (Sanner 1999). In the design of this project experiences has been gained from a former equal project in Luleå (Nordell 1994), especially concerning the BTES part. The concept has also been used in an EU-project as “case study” on how shallow geothermal can be applied in the industry (IGEIA). As such it demonstrates how waste heat can be utilized by the usage of Underground Thermal Energy Storage (UTES). The potential for such systems is estimated be at least 10 TWh/years only in Sweden (Andersson et al 2008). From an economic point of view, the BTES technology takes a large investment. However, since the running cost is low, the pay-back time is fairly low. It shall also be considered that the BTES systems normally have long life time and that the maintenance cost is expected to be low. The environmental studies indicate that there are only limited local environmental impacts to be expected installing and operate a BTES system. Instead, the system would be of benefit for the environment by saving thermal energy that can be used else where. In the decision for having subsidies from KLIMP, the savings was estimated to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide with approx. 1 500 tons. In fact this was one of the main criteria for having the grant. Another criterion was that ITT Flygt is using “green” electricity. REFERENCES Snijders, A. L. (1995). Environmental and Chemical Aspects of Thermal Energy Storage in Aquifers and Research and Development of Water Treatment Methods. Executive Summery. IEA-ECES-Annex 6. Doc. No. 55-Gen, December 1995. Sanner, B. (1999). High Temperature Underground Thermal Energy Storage. State-of-the-art and prospects. Giessener Geologische Schriften. Nr. 67. Giessen 1999. Nordell, B. (1994) Borehole Heat Store Design and Optimization. Luleå University of Technology, Sweden. PhD-thesis 1994:137 D. Andersson, O., Hägg, M. (2008). Introduction to Underground Thermal Energy Storage and Market Potential in Sweden. EU-project “Integration of Geothermal Energy into Industrial Applications” (IGEIA), Deliverable 7. SWECO VIAK AB, Malmö, August 2007.PDF Image | Efficient usage of waste heat by applying a seasonal energy storage (BTES) at ITT Water & Wastewater AB, Emmaboda, Sweden
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