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tg twss twsi e Q se3 mswf cp se3 swf p UAQse3 twss twsi the condition of . This means that the system electricity and 3 for Kalina Solar-OTEC system. Meanwhile, it is also noticed that the gap between case 1 and the other cases of Kalina Solar-OTEC system is becoming larger and larger the better economic superiority of case 1. Overall, the Kalina Solar-OTEC system in case 1 is the best choice for Solar-OTEC system. Fig. 3. Relationship between solar heat transfer rate and net power output Fig. 4. Relationship between solar heat transfer rate and net power output seswfp /1eQ3mc Qs 0 production costs Cepc in case 1 is lower than that of case 2 International Journal of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Vol. 5, No. 2, April 2013 which, W m ((hh)(hh)) , net,case2 wf 1 7 12 3 2 1 m 7 / m 6 , Q e , c a s e 2 m w f ( h 6 h 4 ) . C. Kalina Solar-OTEC Case 3 About case 3, Solar-Evaporator 3 is effective, that means the Solar-Evaporator 3 is connect with the solar collector pump and solar collector directly. In this case, the approach of calculation for most points is same with that of case 1 or 2 except some special points (point 11 and 6), which has same properties as point 7 and 5 respectively since there are no Solar-Evaporator 1 and 2 here. Meanwhile, by using the heat balance in the Solar-Evaporator 3, we know that twss twsi Qse3 / (m ws cp ) . And through heat balance in Solar-Evaporator 3, the temperature tg is solved as following However, it should be noted that the net power output of Solar-OTEC system in case 1 is evidently higher than other cases at a certain solar heat transfer rate. It means that the solar energy directly heats the saturated ammonia vapor to superheat vapor and then drive it to do work in the turbine of the Solar-OTEC system for power generation, which can enhance the net power output of the Solar-OTEC systems. In addition, simple economic comparative analysis is also introduced here to highlight the interest of the proposed Kalina Solar-OTEC hybrid configurations. Firstly, it should be noted that case1 , case2 and case3 are assumed to be approximately equal. And A , A and A are 0, case1 0, case 2 0, case 3 also considered approximately equal since the solar heat transfer rate is discussed as a constant. Thus, from the abovementioned analysis, it is known that the case 2 and case 3 can be written in the following forms: W /W case 2 net, case1 net, case 2 and W /W . And then, from the Fig. 4 it is case3 net,case1 net,case3 observed that is always less than and in case1 case2 case3 Q UA se3 m c t t wsswsi Q (3) Meanwhile,t t Q /(m c)t andQ Q. f a se3 swf p g se3 s Therefore, the thermal efficiency of the Kalina with increasingQs . This means that the larger system size, Solar-OTEC in this case can be given as ksotec,case3 Wnet,case3 /Qe,case3, in which, W m ((hh)(hh)),m/m, net,case3 wf 1 7 12 3 2 1 7 5 Qe,case3 mwf (h5 h4). Finally, the rationality of the designed calculation program is checked successfully based on the characteristics of the Kalina Solar-OTEC system. IV. RESULT AND DISCUSSION As the first step of studying on Solar-OTEC in Kalina cycle, the optimized mass flow rate of working fluid to maximize net power output in Kalina cycle is carried out Kalina cycle is (mk,wf )opt 1.8[kg/s], which corresponding to the maximum net power output of the Kalina cycle ((Wk,net)max 44.6[kW]),anditsthermalefficiencyis3.56%. Therefore, the optimized mass flow rate of working fluid is chosen as the further initial condition for performance comparison analysis of the Kalina Solar-OTEC configurations. To clarify the performance of the Solar-OTEC in Kalina cycle, the relationship between solar heat transfer rate and net power output in three configuration cases are shown in Fig. 3. It is obvious that the net power outputs of Solar-OTEC in all cases are increased with increasing the solar heat transfer rate since it is known that the more solar energy is utilized in Solar-OTEC system, the more net power output is obtained. under the given condition of Table I withQs 0[kW]. It shows that the optimized mass flow rate of working fluid in 190PDF Image | Energy-Economic Analysis and Configuration Design of the Kalina Solar-OTEC System
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