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Evaluation of improvements in end-conversion efficiency for bioenergy production

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Evaluation of improvements in end-conversion efficiency for bioenergy production ( evaluation-improvements-end-conversion-efficiency-bioenergy- )

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50% 45% 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 0123456 Electrical output (MWe) Figure 6: Electric efficiencies of diesel engines over a range of power (based on different systems from various suppliers) Digesters The energy efficiency for wet digestion depends on many variables (e.g. manure type, co-substrate, dry solid content, etc.). Moreover, the main incentive for manure digestion is the treatment of manure and not energy generation. Therefore it is of limited value to quantify the efficiency. The efficiency of the gas engine and generator are of importance and are discussed elsewhere in this section. Generators An electrical generator converts mechanical energy to electrical energy, commonly by electromagnetic induction. Generators are in (bio)energy applications connected to motors, steam turbines and gas turbines. The efficiency of a generator is high over the full range of capacities. However, the efficiency is a function of the rotation speed. For stationary motors (as used in bioenergy applications) the generator is operated and designed for a single rotation speed, enabling high efficiencies of 96 – 98 %. The combination of a motor and a generator is commonly called a genset, although the combination is also called simply generator. Heat recovery Heat recovery systems are used to recover heat from various sources. Examples are: • Heat from flue gases after combustion of biomass in furnaces (boilers, economizers); • Heat from flue gases from diesel engines fuelled by vegetable oils or fats; 21 EVALUATION OF IMPROVEMENTS IN END-CONVERSION EFFICIENCY FOR BIOENERGY PRODUCTION Electric efficiency

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Evaluation of improvements in end-conversion efficiency for bioenergy production

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