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70 3.3 Summary In this chapter, a reference system was presented for unambiguous comparison of dedicated electricity production facilities and CHP plants. To clarify the use of the reference system, an example is given below. Example: calculation of reference efficiency Two (fictive) wood-fired CHP plants (steam cycle) are compared with each other. The specifications of these plants are: Location: Year of construction: Electric power: Reported electric efficiency: Own use electricity: Plant 1 Sweden 1997 10 MWe (10 kV) 26 % (at ISO-conditions) 10% Plant 2 Austria 2006 10 MWe (10 kV) 29 % (at ISO-conditions) 8% Plant 1 was constructed in 1997 and Plant 2 in 2006. For wood fuels, the reference electric efficiency values for electricity production are 26.3% and 33% respectively (from Figure 14). Plan 1 is located in Sweden and Plant 2 in Austria. The annual average ambient temperatures in these countries are 7°C and 10°C respectively (see Table 22). The reported efficiencies at ISO-conditions of 15°C are therefore corrected both and become 26.3% + 0.8% = 27.1% for Plant 1 and 33% + 0.5% = 33.5% for Plant 2. Plant 1 exports 90% of the 10 kV electricity generated to the grid. The correction factor is therefore according Table 24: 0.10 x 0.925 + 0.9 x 0.945 = 0.943. The reference efficiency for Plant 1 is thus 0.943 x 27.1% = 25.6%. For Plant 2 is this (0.08 x 0.925 + 0.92 x 0.945) x 33.5 = 31.6%. It can be concluded that Plant 1 is performing close (-0.4%) to the reference level and Plant 2 performs 2.6% below the reference efficiency. EVALUATION OF IMPROVEMENTS IN END-CONVERSION EFFICIENCY FOR BIOENERGY PRODUCTIONPDF Image | Evaluation of improvements in end-conversion efficiency for bioenergy production
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