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448 H. Jung, J. Hwang / Energy 75 (2014) 443e452 Table 6a Heat balance results for the C-OTEC cycle (TTDcond, PRC 1⁄4 2.8 C). Notation Temp 1 32.9 2 32.9 3 30.0 4 30.0 5 30.0 6 11.7 7 10.0 8 10.2 9 4 10 7 ( C) Pressure Enthalpy (kPa) (kJ/kg) 5 2197 5 137.7 772.4 266.7 772.4 93.69 772.4 266.7 414.9 257.8 414.9 65.43 772.4 65.77 101.3 16.92 101.3 29.51 Quality 0.85 Saturated liquid Saturated vapor Saturated liquid Saturated vapor Superheated Saturated liquid Sub-cooled Sub-cooled Sub-cooled Flow rate (kg/s) 0.1097 0.1097 7.873 7.873 1.125 1.125 1.125 1.125 24.38 24.38 cycle, and the following analysis is based on the TTDcond, PRC con- dition of the heat exchanger in primary condenser. 3.2. Sensitivity analysis Rosyid et al. [25] performed a sensitivity analysis of the steam power plantebinary cycle while considering the PRC (Steam Po- wer) load, the SRC (Secondary Rankine Cycle) turbine inlet pres- sure, the SRC turbine inlet temperature and the cooling water temperature. Here we performed a sensitivity analysis of the main design parameters which were used in the calculation of the heat balance of the reference cycle. The result of the sensitivity analysis can be used to optimize the design of the prototype. The turbine inlet pressure and inlet temperature of the deep sea water were selected as independent variables in the sensitivity analysis. The turbine efficiency was also selected as an independent variable, which is expected to improve the prototype design. The variation of the cycle gross efficiency depending on these variables is presented in Table 7. The pressure condition of the turbine inlet has the greatest impact on the efficiency. The efficiency increases in proportion to the increase in the turbine inlet pressure. However, effect was minor compared to the other independent variables as the design costs associated with thicker walls of the pipes increase given the increase in the pressure. We also confirmed that the temperature of the deep sea water is a very sensitive variable, as shown in Table 7. The deep sea water intake location is directly related to the con- struction cost. If the inlet temperature of the deep sea water is set to 10 C according to the intake position, the turbine efficiency and inlet condition must be improved to maintain the original cycle efficiency. 3.3. Effects on PRC We performed an analysis to determine the impact of C-OTEC installation on the PRC. Modeling of the PRC utilized the PEPSE Table 6b Heat balance results for the C-OTEC cycle (TTDcond, PRC 1⁄4 1.1 C). Notation Temp 1 32.9 2 32.9 3 31.7 4 31.7 5 31.7 6 11.8 7 10.0 8 10.2 9 4 10 7 ( C) Pressure Enthalpy (kPa) (kJ/kg) 5 2197 5 137.7 810.8 267.5 810.8 96.16 810.8 267.5 414.9 257.9 414.9 65.43 810.8 65.8 101.3 16.92 101.3 29.51 Quality 0.85 Saturated liquid Saturated vapor Saturated liquid Saturated vapor Superheated Saturated liquid Sub-cooled Sub-cooled Sub-cooled Flow rate (kg/s) 0.1023 0.1023 7.406 7.406 1.044 1.044 1.044 1.044 21.91 21.91 Table 7 Sensitivity analysis depending on the operating conditions. Turbine Turbine inlet: pressure 665.8 kPa/temp 25.0 C Turbine inlet: pressure 727.3 kPa/temp 28.0 C Temp of sea water: 4.0 C efficiency (%) Temp of sea water: 4.0 C Turbine outlet Temp of sea water: 10.0 C Turbine outlet Temp of sea water: 10.0 C Turbine outlet 45 414.9 50 414.9 55 414.9 60 414.9 65 414.9 70 414.9 75 414.9 80 414.9 85 414.9 15.1 14.4 13.7 13.0 12.4 11.7 11.0 10.3 1.75 1.575 1.432 1.312 1.211 1.125 1.050 0.9842 0.9263 2.844 3.160 3.476 3.793 4.109 4.425 4.714 5.057 5.373 504.6 19.4 504.6 18.9 504.6 18.5 504.6 18.0 504.6 17.6 504.6 17.1 504.6 16.7 504.6 16.2 504.6 15.9 2.548 2.293 2.085 1.911 1.764 1.638 1.529 1.433 1.349 2.036 2.262 2.489 2.715 2.941 3.167 3.394 3.620 3.846 (kPa) ( C) 414.9 15.5 1.624 1.462 1.329 1.218 1.124 1.044 0.9744 0.9135 0.8598 3.053 3.392 3.731 4.070 4.409 4.748 5.088 5.427 5.766 504.6 19.9 504.6 19.4 504.6 18.9 504.6 18.4 504.6 17.9 504.6 17.4 504.6 16.9 504.6 16.4 504.6 16.1 2.289 2.060 1.873 1.717 1.585 1.472 1.374 1.288 1.212 2.257 2.508 2.759 3.010 3.261 3.511 3.762 4.013 4.264 Pressure Temp (kPa) ( C) Flow rate (kg/s) Gross efficiency (%) Pressure Temp (kPa) ( C) Flow rate (kg/s) Gross efficiency (%) Turbine outlet Pressure Temp Flow rate (kg/s) Gross efficiency (%) Pressure Temp (kPa) ( C) Flow rate (kg/s) Gross efficiency (%) 9.99 414.9 14.8 414.9 14.0 414.9 13.3 414.9 12.6 414.9 11.8 414.9 11.1 414.9 10.4 414.9 9.99PDF Image | Feasibility study of a combined Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion method in South Korea
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