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Güntner Know-how Source: DEHN+SÖHNE, Neumarkt 12 Güntner heatXchange 18 Lightning protection – a cost-saving investment While energy efficiency and cost-saving are fully par for the course when planning new buildings, lightning and over- voltage protection are frequently neglected. These precautionary measures are, however, of fundamental importance for protecting refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment set up outdoors. Everyone is talking about the more evident cost factors, such as energy efficiency with the com- ponents for refrigeration and air-conditioning systems, etc., but lightning and over-voltage protection appears to be a happily neglected topic. The considerations here for the possible long-term risks and the costs connected with them are very important from a financial point of view alone. Everyone, no doubt, becomes somewhat uneasy when they think about the costs that might be incurred, if, for example, the complete control of a refrigeration or air-con- ditioning system fails, or because leaks occur after a direct lightning strike – let alone possible personal injury. Different regional dangers The danger of lightning strikes is by no means the same everywhere – it is actually extremely different from region to region. Siemens main- tains a lightning information service called BLIDS, which records lightning strikes across Germany and other European countries, and provides the data collected to various institu- tions. In March 2012 BLIDS published a new atlas, which shows how high the lightning danger is in individual regions. The frequency of lightning strikes shows a clear north-south incline: While in Meck- lenburg Western-Pomerania or Schleswig- Holstein there was sometimes no lightning for years, in the Central Erz Mountains, for example, there can be over 6 strikes per square kilometre. So when it comes down to effectively pro- tecting a new building or property from the dangers of lightning strikes, be it a production hall or an entire building complex with hous- ing area, shopping facilities, and of course refrigeration and air-conditioning technology, it is always advisable to contact a specialist company. Safety with competent advice In addition to the special geographical fea- tures, the professionals also know all about legal situations, e.g. the relevant standards, such as the four parts of the DIN EN 62305 (VDE 0185-305) lightning protection stan- dard or DIN VDE 0100-534 or 540, which must be taken into consideration when selecting and using materials for lightning and over-voltage protection. They have specialized software to make the required risk assess- ments, which then form the basis for clas- sification in the necessary protection classes and for implementing the resulting protective measures. Assessing damage risks Lightning protection planning is primarily about assessing damage risks. Standard- ized risk analyses are performed to assess a building’s hazard potential, and to be able to implement specific measures for risk reduc- tion. The result provides a selection of economi- cally beneficial protective measures, which are harmonized with the respective building. The property to be assessed is first consid- ered without any protective measures for the risk analysis of direct and indirect lightning strikes. Dangers, which could emerge as the result of direct and indirect lightning strikes Lightning strike frequency differs from Region to region (Source: Siemens Blitzschutzdienst) on the building complex or on supply lines, are identified as “R” damage risk, which represents a dimension for a possible annual loss. The main focus of attention here, of course, is possible personal injury. Classifica- tion is then made, according to the risk situa- tion, in the corresponding protective classes. Protective classes and protective measures These protective classes for lightning protec- tion systems are defined in Part 3 of the VDE 0185-305 Lightning Protection Standard. They provide a set of construction rules, whereby, for example, mesh apertures, shield- ing angle and rolling sphere radii for lightning current arresters, distances from outgoing feeders and ring conductors or minimum lengths for earth conductors are defined in acc. with the respective danger levels. The effectiveness of the measures diminishes from protective class I to protective class IV. The measures include earth termination systems, arrestors, discharge devices, light- ning protection potential equalisation with over-voltage protection devices, a lightning protection zone concept with subdivision into different zones and further measures, which are each classified in a sub-categorization of the individual protection concepts. When you realise the complexity of these specifications, if not long before, you then realise that it is always safer to rely on a specialist to deal with the important topic of lightning protection. Sources: - Siemens lightning information service (www.blids.de) - Graduate Engineer (UAS) Michael Hess, Thomas Seitz (Dehn + Söhne GmbH & Co. KG, 92306 Neumarkt); “Lightning and Over-voltage Protection”; tab 10/2011 13PDF Image | heat X Change
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