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12 Energy Engineering Vol. 104, No. 4 2007 solar lighting systems, there are a variety of other factors that enhance the economic benefits of hybrid solar lighting. One of the initial target applications for hybrid lighting systems is in retail lighting applications that rely on direct lighting from incandescent sources. During the sunlit day, those sources can be dimmed or turned off altogether. When incandescent lamps are dimmed, filament temperatures decrease, extending the life expectancy of the lamps and reducing maintenance costs associated with relamping. Although skylights are widely used to include natural light inside buildings, they require large roof penetrations that add to the load on heating and cooling systems and are subject to water leakage. In contrast, the roof penetrations for hybrid solar lighting systems are few and small. Smaller penetrations and less leakage save money on the building’s heating, cooling, and maintenance bills. Potential Candidates for HSL The first commercial use for HSL will most likely be on the upper two floors of facilities having the following characteristics: (1) Sunbelt location in areas where daytime electricity prices are highest; (2) occupied every day, including weekends; and (3) in lighting applications where lighting quality (or color rendering) is important and less-efficient electric lamps are currently used. Potential federal facilities for HSL include the following facilities in locations that meet one or more of the above characteristics: • Federalofficebuildings • Training facilities at military bases • Industrial processing facilities (postal service processing) Federal Sites Savings Analysis The Sunbelt region is defined as the region of the U.S. that has an average direct solar radiation of greater than 4 kWh/m2/day (26 states). The high-sun region is defined as regions of the U.S. that have an average direct solar radiation of greater than 6 kWh/m2/day (10 states including CA, CO, HI, KS, NV, NM, NE, OK, TX, and WY). As the charts below illustrate, an excellent first market for HSL would be federal facilities in the Sunbelt region (average direct solar radiation of greater than 4 kWh/m2/day). Chart 1 illustrates that 77 percent of all federal facilities are in the Sunbelt region. Chart 2 illustrates that 72 percent of the square footage available in federal buildings is in the Sunbelt.PDF Image | Hybrid Solar Lighting Provides Energy Savings and Reduces Waste Heat
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