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Policy and system design recommendations Heat networks interface with a wide variety of technologies, systems and actors. These interactions are extended when considering the integration of secondary heat sources deriving from different industry and commercial sectors. To promote their effective utilisation therefore requires action in a number of different ways. 1 A suitable operating temperature for networks providing domestic hot water across the current London housing stock would be 70°C. This temperature provides a balance of controlling legionella risk as well as restricting the need to upgrade the temperature of secondary sources. 2 Low temperature networks connecting to existing buildings should not operate below 55°C. Below this temperature the percentage of heat demand that can be met is reduced significantly, even when considering significant retrofit measures. 3 Financial incentives for heat pumps could support the initial uptake of secondary heat systems. Schemes such as the RHI are important for generating uptake of secondary heat sources and could usefully be expanded to incentivise the use of heat pumps for all secondary heat sources. 4 Regulations should ensure that the design of secondary heat circuits is such that low return temperatures are provided to the heat network to improve the efficiency of the heat source, as well as reducing pumping costs and allowing smaller diameter pipework to be used. Building regulations should stipulate the use of direct connections and multi stage pumping where possible and restrict the use of low loss headers in all district heating schemes. 5 Regulations should ensure the design of building heating systems and controls suit the uptake of lower temperature networks. Building regulations should promote the installation of underfloor heating or large radiators as well as programmable room thermostats and weather compensation controls. 6 Utilisation of secondary heat sources should focus on those available at higher temperatures and continuous supply. Higher temperature sources require less heat pump electricity to ‘upgrade’ heat. Sources with less intermittency can provide a greater percentage of building heating demands and reduce the need for top up heat from conventional sources. 7 Planning guidance should highlight opportunities for secondary heat networks and the Mayor’s decentralised energy programme should identify opportunities for low temperature networks and facilitate the implementation of such schemes. Boroughs should be required to investigate the potential to utilise secondary sources of heat as part of their energy masterplanning work. 7PDF Image | LONDONS ZERO CARBON ENERGY RESOURCE Secondary Heat
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