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Foreword It has been more than 10 years since the last parabolic trough power plant was built. Although parabolic trough steam Rankine cycle power plant technology is the lowest-cost commercial solar electric power technology in the world, in the current market environment it is still more expensive than fossil power technologies. On the other hand, photovoltaic power technology, although several times more expensive than parabolic trough technology, has found high value niche market applications where it can compete successfully on an economic basis. Is it possible that niche markets may also exist for parabolic trough power plant technology? The modular trough power plant concept integrates modern parabolic solar technology with modern organic Rankine cycle (ORC) power plant technology to create a 1-megawatt-scale solar power plant. This size plant has potential use as customer-side “retail” generation; low-cost green “solar” power; or remote-power, mini-grid applications in developing countries. This match of technologies was initially tested in the late 1970s in the 150-kWe Coolidge Solar Irrigation Project. Although, the Coolidge system performed significantly below expectations, many on the problems were a direct result of the immature state of both the solar and power plant technologies at the time. Advances in technologies addressed many of the problematic areas of the Coolidge project and made a reassessment of this concept worthwhile. This study looks at the feasibility and potential cost of power from a modular trough power plant. The study described in this report included the following: • An optimization of ORC power cycle designs for use with parabolic trough solar collector technology, • Model development to enable integration solar and power cycles to determine annual performance of systems, and • An economic assessment of plants and cost of power. This study concluded that integration of troughs with ORC power cycles is technically feasible with current solar and ORC power cycle technologies. These systems are expected to perform substantially better than the earlier Coolidge system. Some development is still required to fully optimize the solar and power cycle technologies. Several cycles have been considered at this point, and each requires some level of further optimization. Economic feasibility is more difficult to assess. The cost of power from small trough-ORC plants will be 50 to 100% higher than large trough plants. However, many of the current incentives that exist in the southwestern United States and Spain could allow economic feasibility of the smaller systems even before large trough systems are built. It seems unlikely that these markets would be sustained if these incentives were terminated. However, remote power applications in developing countries could potentially sustain development in the future. One issue that remains uncertain is the operation and maintenance (O&M) cost. Whether O&M costs can be reduced to an acceptable level will likely determine the final economic viability of this concept. In our judgment, based on discussions with the ORC and solar industries, this issue can be resolved. In our judgment, the trough-ORC system is likely to be the lowest risk and most cost-effective solar technology in the 100-kWe to 10-MWe range for the near-term and potentially the long- term. iPDF Image | Modular Trough Power Plant Cycle and Systems Analysis
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