PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 040
Table 13. Economics and Financing Assumptions General Financial Assumptions Energy price escalation: 2.8% Inflation rate: 2.8% Discount rate: 10% Annual insurance: 0.5% of capital cost IPP Ownership Assumptions 14% IRR, 20-year project lifetime 80% debt (or less) at 8% interest, 12-year term, 1.3 minimum DSCR 10% Investment Tax Credit Five-year accelerated depreciation No property tax 5.3 Plant Design Optimization Given the design, cost, and economic assumptions listed above, the solar field and thermal storage sizes can be varied, resulting in different annual electric outputs from the plant. The size of the solar field and thermal storage can be varied to optimize the thermal performance, electric output, or project economics. It is interesting to note that the optimum for each of these results in different plant configurations. Discussing different sizes of thermal storage by the number of hours of equivalent full-load operation is fairly straightforward. However, discussing solar field size can be difficult to correlate between the size of the solar field and the corresponding electric output. To account for this, the terminology of solar multiple is used. A solar multiple of 1.0 means that under some standard design conditions, the solar field will deliver the amount of power required by the power plant to operate at the design-point rated electric output. Thus, the size of the solar field corresponding to a solar multiple of 1.0 will depend on the power cycle size and efficiency and the solar field efficiency. The reference conditions we used to define the solar multiple are as follows: a direct normal solar resource of 1,000 W/m2, an ambient temperature of 25°C, a wind speed of 2.5 m/s, and a solar incidence angle of zero degrees. These standard conditions for referencing a solar multiple mean that a solar field design with a solar multiple of 1.0 will be the same size at any location assuming that the same power plant is used. However, a solar field with the same solar multiple at two different locations will not have the same annual performance. A solar plant with a solar multiple of 2.0 would deliver twice the amount of thermal energy required by the power cycle at the design point conditions. The solar field with a solar multiple of 2.0 is twice the size of the solar field with a solar multiple of 1.0. A solar plant with a large solar multiple would require thermal storage to avoid producing excess energy that the power plant would not be able to use. Table 14 shows the solar multiples analyzed in this study and the corresponding solar field sizes. Note, the SEGS plants do not have thermal storage and have solar multiples of approximately 1.25, based on our definition. 33PDF Image | Modular Trough Power Plant Cycle and Systems Analysis
PDF Search Title:
Modular Trough Power Plant Cycle and Systems AnalysisOriginal File Name Searched:
31240.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)