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6. Market Potential for Modular Trough Power Plant Systems The price of power from a 1-MWe trough power plant is on the order of 20¢/kWh. This raises the question: Do any markets exist where this cost is likely to offer an opportunity for a sustained market? 6.1 Market Assessment This section reviews the electric power markets for which the MTPP might be considered. Wholesale Power: Wholesale power refers to power generated from centralized power stations that market power to utilities or large customers directly. Although there have been substantial fluctuations in prices and relatively short-term supply shortages during 2000 and 2001, demand, supplies, and prices seem to have stabilized. Current gas commodity rates appear to be stabilized at around $2/million Btu. At this gas price, wholesale power rates are around 2 to 3¢ per kWh. The MTPP with thermal storage can dispatch power to meet utility peak-demand periods when higher prices are paid for energy delivery. If solar power is dispatched to these higher price periods, the average value of wholesale power will be in the range of 4 to 5¢ per kWh. The MTPP is far from competitive in the wholesale power market. Retail Power Customers: One of the primary advantages of MTPP systems is that they can produce power on the customer side of the meter instead of the utility side. Thus, power generated at a customer site is valued to the customer at their retail rate because it offsets power that would be purchased from the utility at the retail rate. This means that the power generated has an economic value of between about 10 and 15¢/kWh instead of the wholesale power rate of 4 to 5¢ per kWh. Customers must be large enough to consume the full power generated from the plant. This means that relatively large commercial or industrial customers are required. These customers would also need a significant amount of land nearby. However, because the power can be dispatched to high rate and high demand periods for the customer, the plant could be used to help reduce peak demand charges. This helps to increase the value of the power. Large federal, state, and local government facilities are likely some of the best opportunities for this type of application. Although the MTPP is not fully competitive in the retail power market, this represents one of the best potential opportunities, especially if costs can be reduced. Also some customer in this market could decide to go with solar power for non-economic reasons. Remote Power: Remote power applications are typically off-grid applications. There are limited numbers of remote power applications in the United States for which a 1-MWe system would be appropriate. Mining, remote Department of Defense facilities, and agriculture may represent the best opportunities. Internationally, there are a large number of villages that this size of system might be applicable. Typically, small diesel generator sets are the primary source of power for these applications. The price of diesel power can be 25¢/kWh or more. Very small remote power systems are even more expensive. If good remote applications can be found this could be a sustainable market for a developer of MTPP systems. It should also be noted that the cost for a small trough system built for a remote power application is likely to be higher than the base case system considered here. This is due to increased transportation and support costs associated with a remote location. In addition, based on the experience of other renewable power technologies, the international market that appears to be attractive will also offer many additional challenges. Green Power Markets: A number of utilities and retail energy providers offer consumers green energy products. Typically customers can pay a premium of 1 to 2.5¢/kWh for green power from 41PDF Image | Modular Trough Power Plant Cycle and Systems Analysis
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