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Appendix B Analysis Carried Out by Reflective Energies Reflective Energies (RE) investigated the feasibility of using an ORC coupled with commercial solar troughs. Three different cycles were analyzed: a simple ORC, an ORC using mixed working fluid, and a Cascade cycle. The basis for the conceptual design carried out by RE was a pure solar plant designed for a net output power of 10 MWe. The ambient temperature used in their design was 89°F. The report provided by RE is presented here. The simple ORC analyzed by RE using butane as working fluid shows an overall efficiency of about 13.2% (not including the solar field heat transfer fluid pumping power). This cycle shows a very low efficiency because the maximum temperature reached in the ORC is 360°F (note that the resource temperature used in RE’s analysis is 550°F). The maximum pressure of this cycle is 545 psia. The other cycle analyzed by RE uses a mixture of butane and hexane as working fluid. The composition of the working fluid expressed as mole fraction was 90% butane and 10% hexane. For this case, the overall efficiency of the cycle was 13.6%. Again the maximum temperature in the boiler was very low, 375°F, compared to the resource temperature of 550°F. The maximum cycle pressure was 540 psia. The last cycle analyzed by RE was a cascade cycle where cyclohexane was used in a topping cycle and butane was used in a bottoming cycle. Cyclohexane was heated by the hot oil from solar field to a temperature of 550°F at 425 psia. After expanding through the turbine it was passed through a recuperator to heat the working fluid of the bottoming cycle. Before entering the recuperator, the working fluid of the bottoming cycle was pre-heated by the oil from solar field. The return temperature of the oil from solar field was 200°F. The maximum temperature and pressure of the bottoming cycle were 330°F and 595 psia. The efficiency of this cycle is 15.9% (not including the pumping power required for the circulation of the solar field oil). B-1PDF Image | Modular Trough Power Plant Cycle and Systems Analysis
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