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The Solar Trough Organic Rankine Cycle Electricity System (STORES) Summary The nine California Solar Trough power plants, totaling 354 megawatts of power, were once the shining success of the solar program, and even today, produce more electricity than all other solar thermal and PV plants combined; yet no new plants have been built in over a decade. With rising oil and gas prices and energy shortages, there is now the opportunity to resurrect this highly successful technology. This study seeks to open a new path toward cost-effective electricity from troughs. Proven solar trough plants can be coupled with proven Organic Rankine plants and proven storage systems in creative new ways to produce electricity that will be competitive in hundreds of applications beyond the grid. Small and modular, STORES plants can deliver electricity day and night. Trough technology will, for the first time, become Distributed Generation. The new power plants are intended for off-grid applications where electricity is commonly generated using diesel engines, and commands much higher prices. STORES power output increases as ambient temperature decreases. By generating electricity during cooler evenings and nights, storage therefore actually enhances output. Winter output (for the same input) is higher than summer output, partially compensating for the lower insolation and collection in the winter. Such plants may be located in remote areas in the Southwest U.S., such as Indian Reservations that are distant from the grid and are considering electricity using diesel engines today. STORES plants will also be the preferred source of generation in the thousands of remote communities all across the Sahara and other deserts, much too remote to be connected to the grid. Rather than compete in the bulk power market, STORES offers the opportunity to establish itself in the specialty power off-grid market where prices are significantly higher. The STORES power plant considered for the study is 10 megawatts peak; it includes four hours of storage at peak output; in effect, it would be able to deliver power at any time necessary. No other fuel would be necessary. As configured, the plant would use no water except that needed for washing the mirrors. The estimated “commercial” capital cost of the first plant will be around $4,000-$4,500 per kWe, comprising $1,700-2,000 per kWe for the solar field, $2,000 per kWe for the power plant and $300-600 per kWe for storage. This includes some allowances for the challenges that will be faced in resurrecting the trough Solar Collector Assembly manufacturing and supply industry. The learning-cost reduction curve will be rapid, and the tenth such plant is estimated to have a capital cost of about $3,000 per kWe, far lower than the lowest cost Photovoltaics (PV). Plants may be built in modular increments, in multiples of one megawatt or five megawatts, depending on the need. Unlike the ISCCS plants, the STORES plants could be installed quickly, within a few months. Once the community and site are selected and funds available, the plant does not have to wait upon transmission access, fossil fuel links, major environmental studies and the attendant bureaucratic decision-making delays. Any existing generators could be retained as back up. A small off-grid STORES plant that includes storage will compete with today’s remote diesel power plants, not with large combined cycle or coal plants. It will be a major advancement over large PV systems, with a much higher capacity factor and built-in storage. As with PV, when fuel is free, the cost of electricity from a STORES plant is largely dependent on the cost of capital B-3PDF Image | Modular Trough Power Plant Cycle and Systems Analysis
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