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tracks the price of retail gasoline. A bulk price of $1.50 a gallon was assumed. This price has been rising as a result of the recent increase in oil prices, and any increases in price will directly be reflected in increased costs of oil inventory. Should the price of HTF continue to climb, it may be practical to use a heat capacitor such as rocks as was used in Solar One. Several suppliers are available for Heat transfer Fluids in the temperature ranges considered. Tanks in the 2-million gallon range cost about $0.40 a gallon, installed and insulated. Figure 3.1.3 shows the cost-curve for such storage tanks. Smaller tanks are more expensive on a unit basis. The technology is proven and CB&I, the supplier of the SEGS I tank, the world’s foremost tank constructor, is ready to provide tanks for future projects. The total cost of the storage system, HTF included, will be about $5,000,000 or about $500 per kWe. The anticipated heat loss from the tanks is anticipated to be small, less than 1% per day. This loss reduces the overall efficiency, partially offsetting the 2% gain in efficiency resulting from storing the fluid in the day and producing power in the evenings and at night. The benefit of storage is the ability to allow power on demand, and total off-grid operation where the value of electricity and the cost of alternate generation is much greater. Should the temperature differential of the HTF be increased to 100°F, the cost of storage will be reduced by nearly one-half. However, there will be a price to pay in efficiency. This becomes a significant issue should the cost of HTF continue to rise. On the positive side, the increases in HTF price are symptomatic of higher energy prices that spur the growth of renewable energy and are therefore welcome. The trade-off between storage costs and temperature differentials should be more fully analyzed before the first STORES plant is built. 4,000,000 3,500,000 3,000,000 2,500,000 2,000,000 1,500,000 1,000,000 500,000 - Figure 3.1.3: Total Tank Costs for HTF - 5,000,000 10,000,000 15,000,000 Tank Volume gallons Total Tank Costs B-20 Cost, DollarsPDF Image | Modular Trough Power Plant Cycle and Systems Analysis
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