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2. Dry Heat Rejection The procedure for determining the performance and the operating cost for the air cooled condenser in a plant with dry heat rejection is outlined below. 2.1 Rankine Cycle The Rankine cycle design closely followed that developed by Fichtner for the 55 MWe AndaSol project in Spain. The cycle is a conventional, single reheat design with 5 closed and 1 open extraction feedwater heaters. The live steam pressure and temperature are 1,450 lbf/in2 and 703 °F, respectively, and the reheat steam temperature is 703 °F. The GateCycle flow diagram is shown in Figure 1. Cold and hot reheat steam pressures, feedwater heater extraction pressures, feedwater heater terminal temperature differences, and feedwater heater drain cooler approach temperatures were taken from the Fichtner flow diagram. Pressure losses in the steam lines to the feedwater heaters were set to zero, as implied in the Fichtner diagram. The condenser pressure was set to 1.23 lbf/in2, or 2.5 in. HgA. Turbine expansion efficiencies, and the required live and reheat steam flow rates to achieve a gross output of 88.0 MWe, were calculated by GateCycle. Simultaneously, the low pressure turbine exhaust loss was adjusted manually to yield a gross cycle efficiency of 0.377. 2.2 Air Cooled Condenser Sizes Air cooled condenser heat transfer areas were calculated for the 6 initial temperature differences of 24 °F, 29 °F, 34 °F, 39 °F, 44 °F, and 49 °F. The calculations were based on a dry bulb temperature of 106 °F, which is not exceed for all but 1 percent of the hours each year at Barstow. An allowance for subcooling the water leaving the condenser by 2 °F is provided to ensure the flow to the condensate pump is single-phase. The design parameters for the heat exchangers are listed in Table 1, and the calculated areas and fan power requirements are shown in Table 2. As expected, both the heat transfer areas and the fan power requirements are inversely proportional to the initial temperature difference. 2.3 Dry Bulb Temperature Distribution A list of the hourly dry bulb temperatures was derived from the Excelergy weather file DAG_TMY2_hr. The list was sorted into a series of 21 bins representing 5 °F increments in temperature between 20 °F and 125 °F. The summations were limited to those hours in which the plant was in operation by selecting temperatures only for direct normal radiation values above 250 W/m2. The resulting histogram is shown in Figure 2. -3- Task 2 Wet/Dry Heat Rejection AnalysisPDF Image | Nexant Parabolic Trough Solar Power Plant Systems Analysis
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