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Task 2 Wet/Dry Heat Rejection Analysis Table 9 Comparison of Wet Heat Rejection System Costs General BOP and Cooling Surface condenser Wet cooling tower Cooling tower basin Circulating water pumps Circulating water pipe Raw water well and well field Evaporation pond Total Excelergy $6,792,000 -------------- $6,792,000 Refs. 2 and 3 $1,650,000 $1,316,000 $553,000 $60,000 $81,000 $496,000 $1,561,000 -------------- $5,717,000 Assuming the Excelergy estimate includes balance of plant items other than the wet heat rejection system, such as a compressed air system, the two estimates are in reasonable agreement. The capital costs for the seven plants with dry cooling were developed by subtracting the ‘General Balance of Plant and Cooling’ estimate from the default Excelergy values, and then adding the cost of the air cooled condensers. To this was added an allowance of $1 million for those items within ‘General Balance of Plant and Cooling’ which were not associated with the wet heat rejection system. The annual operation and maintenance costs for the plant with both dry and wet heat rejection systems were developed from the default values in Excelergy. The results of the levelized energy cost calculations are shown in Table 10. Table 10 Levelized Energy Costs for Plants with Dry and Wet Heat Rejection Systems Case 12345678 Type of cooling tower Capital cost, $ 1000 O&M cost, $ 1000 Levelized energy cost, $/kWhe Energy cost penalty, percent Dry 290,958 4,763 0.1400 10.2 Dry 286,202 4,744 0.1379 8.6 Dry 282,256 4,728 0.1375 8.3 Dry 279,120 4,715 0.1373 8.1 Dry 276,862 4,705 0.1393 9.7 Dry 275,315 4,698 0.1408 10.9 Dry 279,120 4,716 0.1373 8.1 Wet 267,747 4,778 0.1270 Base Thus, the use of a dry heat rejection system imposes a nominal 8 to 9 percent penalty on the levelized cost of energy. - 20 -PDF Image | Nexant Parabolic Trough Solar Power Plant Systems Analysis
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