ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE ASSOCIATED WITH AN ABSORPTION CHILLER FOR BIOMASS APPLICATIONS

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ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE ASSOCIATED WITH AN ABSORPTION CHILLER FOR BIOMASS APPLICATIONS ( organic-rankine-cycle-associated-with-an-absorption-chiller- )

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Tecnologia/Technology Sotomonte et al. Organic Rankine Cycle Associated ... Table 3. Results of the cogeneration cycle. PARAMETERS Net Electrical Power (kW) Cooling Power (kW) Biomass Consumption (kg/h) C7H8 C8H10 C9H12 MDM MD2M MD3M D6 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 63 164 210 149 210 210 210 451 503 533 614 708 848 898 Working fluid mass flow (kg/h) Evaporation Temperature (K) 535 Condensation Temperature (K) 318 Auxiliary Equipment Consumption (kW) Electric Efficiency (%) 17.3 Global Energy Efficiency (%) 20.9 6734 5.5 6842 570 340 6.0 15.5 24.0 8048 18733 23488 29379 32675 Figure 6. Exergy efficiency of the organic working fluids. 600 541 577 605 622 359 355 392 421 433 6.7 8.3 8.4 8.9 8.8 14.6 12.7 11.0 9.2 8.7 24.9 19.0 18.7 15.6 14.8 industrial district in a close distance to the cogeneration plant. The rest of exergetic losses are concentrated in the vapor expansion system and cooling production. In the turbine the ratio of exergy destruction is around 3% for all alkylbenzenes and MDM while for the remaining working fluids is around 1,5%. Results show that cycles which use alkylbenzenes as working fluid have higher exergy destruction even with lower mass flow rates. Therefore those fluids have a higher specific entropy generation during the vapor expansion. Depending on which fluid is used (Alkylbenzenes) this difference can be up to 2-6 times higher than a siloxanes specific entropy generation in the turbine. In the chiller, Toluene, MDM and Ethylbenzene which are fluids with less capacity to produce cooling power, have lower exergy destruction respectively if compared to the other fluids. Those fluids have lower operating temperatures, so for that reason they have lower specific entropy generation reducing the irreversibilities in this equipment. Figure 7. Exergy destruction of the organic working fluids. In the boiler (Fig. 8), the exergy destruction is caused mainly by the combustion process and the low rates of heat transfer between the combustion gases and the organic working fluid. Results show that working fluids with higher normal boiling point (Tb), even with lower average temperature difference with the combustion gases, have higher irreversibility in this equipment. The cycles with higher biomass consumption have higher exergy destruction rate during the biomass combustion. It is important to remark, that, in the exergy analysis in this paper, the boiler joins the evaporator to form a single subsystem. In the condenser, the working fluids with higher density have higher condensing temperature. This is among 45 oC for Toluene with the lowest condenser irreversibility until 165 oC for D6 with the highest condenser irreversibility at the same condensing pressure (10 kPa). In other words, fluids with higher densities, such as siloxanes, have higher average temperature difference with the cooling water. This may be explored, if there is a commercial or Engenharia Térmica (Thermal Engineering), Vol. 10 • No. 01 - 02 • June and December 2011 • p. 15-22 21

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