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Bu et al. Geothermal Energy 2013, 1:2 www.geothermal-energy-journal.com/content/1/1/2 Page 7 of 14 27 24 21 18 15 12 9 6 70 75 80 85 90 95 R123 R134a R245fa R600a R600 R290 Figure 3 Effect of Th on WRm. Th (OC) while R290 has the lowest VFR. Observing the profiles from Figures 2 and 4, a con- clusion can easily be drawn that low VFR leads to high ηp. This conclusion is consis- tent with that obtained by Macchi and Perdichizzi (1981). According to Macchi and Perdichizzi (1981), lower values of VFR deliver higher turbine efficiency. Moreover, Invernizzi et al. (2007) stated that in order to achieve a turbine efficiency higher than 80%, the VFR should be lower than 50. In this study, VFR for all working fluids is less than 2.2; thus, expander efficiency higher than 80% can be achieved. Figure 5 shows the expander size parameter SP plotted as a function of Th. The ex- pander size parameter given by Equation 9 is an indicator of expander size, and it is 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 70 75 80 85 90 95 Th (oC) R123 R134a R245fa R600a R600 R290 Figure 4 Effect of Th on VFR. VFR WRm (kW.s/kg)PDF Image | Performance analysis and working fluid selection for geothermal energy-powered organic Rankine-vapor compression air conditioning
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