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Bu et al. Geothermal Energy 2013, 1:2 www.geothermal-energy-journal.com/content/1/1/2 Table 2 Performance of VCC with different Tc Page 9 of 14 Fluid type R123 R123 R123 R134a R134a R134a R245fa R245fa R245fa R600a R600a R600a R600 R600 R600 R290 R290 R290 Tc (°C) COPc PR CRPR 35 6.41 3.20 2.00 40 5.36 3.78 1.42 45 4.56 4.45 1.02 35 5.30 2.54 2.09 40 4.46 2.91 1.53 45 3.58 3.32 1.08 35 6.10 3.20 1.91 40 5.05 3.78 1.34 45 4.27 4.45 0.96 35 5.77 2.49 2.32 40 4.76 2.85 1.67 45 3.99 3.24 1.23 35 6.03 2.64 2.28 40 5.00 3.05 1.64 45 4.22 3.49 1.21 35 3.41 3.00 1.14 40 2.87 3.37 0.85 45 2.43 3.78 0.64 N (kg/t) 1,366.7 893.32 575.81 1,475.9 1,005.8 618.99 1,364.8 887.59 568.8 1,402.9 911.84 583.79 1,385.8 902.63 579.49 1,020.2 689.69 455.06 It is obvious from Table 2 that R123 has the maximum COPc while R290 has the minimum COPc. PR for R123 and R245fa are almost the same and they are greater than those for the four other working fluids. PR for R600a is the lowest among the six se- lected working fluids. It is well known that working fluids with high COPc and low PR are suitable refrigerants for VCC. To evaluate working fluid refrigeration performance and the relationships between COPc and PR, CRPR is hence defined as the ratio of COPc to PR, which is an indicator of working fluid refrigeration performance. Higher CRPR indicates better refrigeration performance for working fluids. R600a has the max- imum CRPR compared with the five other working fluids, followed by R600, as shown in Table 2. According to the comprehensive comparison of COPc, PR and CRPR for the six dif- ferent working fluids, it is clear that R600a is the most suitable working fluid for VCC. Effect of working fluid types on ORC/VCC In Figures 6, 7, and 8, the condensation temperature is 40°C. Figure 6 illustrates the variation of COPs as a function of Th. In Figure 6, with the in- crease of Th, COPs increases for all working fluids. COPs equals the product of ηp and COPc. ηp for R123 is the lowest among the six working fluids, as shown in Figure 2, and COPc is however highest for R123 among the six working fluids in Table 2; as a re- sult, the product of ηp and COPc is highest. As evident in Figure 6, R123 has the highest COPs and R290 has the lowest COPs for all heat source temperatures. Except R290, the differences between COPs for the five other working fluids are very small. For example, COPs is 26.76%, 26.45%, 26.01%, 25.72% and 25.47% for working fluids R123, R134a, R600, R245fa and R600a, respectively, at Th = 80°C, and they respectively increase to 35.04%, 34.55%, 33.97%, 33.52% and 33.21% at Th = 95°C.PDF Image | Performance analysis and working fluid selection for geothermal energy-powered organic Rankine-vapor compression air conditioning
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