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SFR Component Design and Balance of Plant JAEA contributed data on CO2 corrosion and carburization of 12 Cr martensitic steel and the Japanese fast reactor stainless steel, 316FR, in flowing CO2 at 10MPa. No breakaway phenomena were observed for either material in 5 000 hour tests which confirmed good corrosion resistance for the stainless steel material. The corrosion of 12Cr steel versus time followed a parabolic curve. Similar tests are in progress at CEA. ANL, JAEA, and KAERI contributed analyses of the behavior of SFRs incorporating S-CO2 Brayton cycle power converters. The ANL Plant Dynamics Code for system level transient analysis of a SFR with a S-CO2 Brayton cycle power converter was used to calculate the cycle behavior following a reactor scram in the 96 MWe (250 MWt) Advanced Burner Test Reactor (ABTR) SFR concept.5 An interval of 400 seconds is required for the primary sodium coolant flow to transition to natural circulation following receipt of the scram signal resulting in tripping of the primary sodium pumps and disconnection of the generator from the electrical power grid. The S-CO2 cycle is calculated to continue to remove heat from the reactor at a diminishing rate via the intermediate sodium circuit over the 400 seconds. Power continues to be generated in the turbine which spins the compressors which are installed on a common shaft while heat is rejected in the cooler. However, the cycle pressures and temperatures decrease during this time such that the minimum cycle pressure and temperature are calculated to fall below the critical values. The calculation shows that there is a window of 400 seconds for startup of the normal shutdown heat removal system incorporating a shutdown heat removal S- CO2 pump and cooler. During this window, the S-CO2 cycle continues to cool the reactor. CEA, ANL, and SNL have recently initiated a new collaboration under the Project which includes the creation of a postdoctoral position at CEA Cadarache involving work with the Plant Dynamics Code. JAEA contributed a preliminary concept for a SFR with a S-CO2 Brayton cycle power converter6 in which the intermediate sodium Figure 9: Micrographs from JAEA CO2 Stainless Steel Oxidation and Carburization Tests. circuit is eliminated.7 The resulting plant efficiency is approximately 42% and the volume of the reactor building is reduced by 20% by adopting the S-CO2 cycle and eliminating the intermediate sodium circuit. Both a helical coil tube sodium-to-CO2 heat exchanger and a compact diffusion-bonded sodium-to-CO2 heat exchanger were designed for the SFR. As part of the safety evaluation of a sodium-CO2 reaction event, calculations were performed for a postulated double-ended guillotine rupture failure of one tube of the helical coil sodium-to- CO2 heat exchanger installed in the primary sodium circuit.8 The calculated maximum pressure in the primary sodium circuit resulting from the release of CO2 is 0.28 MPa which does not threaten the primary circuit structural integrity. A voiding reactivity due to gas in the core is calculated to reach 0.046 $ which has no significant effect upon core safety. KAERI has developed the STASCOR computer code modeling the chemical reactions between sodium and CO2 in a flowing sodium circuit. The long-term behavior following a postulated tube rupture was evaluated for a shell- and-tube type sodium-to-CO2 heat exchanger in the KALIMER-600 design. VI. CONCLUSION The SFR Component Design and Balance of Plant Project is facilitating the fruitful exchange of information and establishment of collaborations mutually beneficial to all participants. The lessons learned during upgrading of PHÉNIX and JOYO are of great significance and benefit all members of the Project. The research and development of in- 252 GIF Symposium – Paris (France) – 9-10 September, 2009PDF Image | SFR COMPONENT DESIGN AND BALANCE OF PLANT PROJECT
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