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Table 4.2-3. Technical Targets: Dishes Plant Characteristics Solar Resource: Daggett, CA Solar Collector Solar Aperture Area Projected Glass Area Reflectivity Intercept Factor Concentrator Weight Power Conversion Unit Receiver Type Receiver Efficiency Engine Type Engine Efficiency System Performance Parameters Capacity Factor Annual Solar Energy Production Annual Total Energy Production Annual Solar Efficiency Net Annual Capacity Factor Levelized Energy Cost Considerations: Hybrid receiver in 2025. 4.2.4 Technical Barriers Calendar 2003 2007 kWh/m2-yr 2800 2800 m2 91 91 m2 88 88 % 92 94 % 95 97 kg/m2 75 65 DIR DIR % 90 90 KSE KSE % 32 35 kWh/m2 575 627 KWh/m2 575 627 % 20 23 % 24 24 $/KWh 0.40 0.20 year 2025 2800 88 85 95 99 30 ADV* 95 ADV 42 754 1095 26 50 0.06 Units These technical barriers apply to all three CSP systems. A. B. C. D. E. F. Capital Cost. The high capital cost of CSP technologies leads to high LEC and also makes project financing more difficult compared to technologies that are fuel-cost intensive. Reliability. Reliability issues vary by technology, but improved reliability is desirable or necessary in all cases. Performance. Improved system performance (efficiency) reduces the required quantity of solar hardware to produce a given amount of power. O&M Cost. Historically, small plant sizes and low capacity factors have led to O&M costs for troughs and towers that are significantly higher than their competition. O&M costs for developmental dishes have been very high and must be reduced to be competitive in both distributed and, especially, remote markets. Technology Risk. New technologies that have never been deployed commercially first need to be sufficiently demonstrated to help reduce the uncertainty in cost, performance, and reliability. Market Entry. All CSP technologies face market-entry obstacles related to the aforementioned barriers. In addition, they face the hurdles of any new technology trying to penetrate markets. This can include difficulties in financing projects and finding customers willing to try something new. It is important to identify and understand these types of market- entry barriers so that solutions (technical, policy, or other) can be developed. For example, the hybridization of CSP technologies with fossil fuels may provide a market “on-ramp” wherein cost and/or risk are reduced, thereby easing the transition to larger or solar-only deployments. Solar Energy Technologies Program Multi-Year Technical Plan 84PDF Image | Solar Energy Technologies Program
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