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Task 12 13 Title Barriers Tools for Design Integration • Develop integrated parabolic-trough systems model for systems-integrated All approach that includes performance, capital cost, O&M costs, and financial analysis • Develop and update design tools for parabolic-trough components (receiver, A,C,D A.C,D concentrator, solar field, TES, power cycle, cooling, O&M, financial) • Continually update and refine trough-system-component models as data become available from Solar Program projects and other sources Standards, Testing, and Technology Transfer • Develop testing standards for solar-field components, systems, and plants E • Develop laboratory test facilities to support R&D program (coatings, reflector, concentrator, storage) A,B,C All • Develop mechanism for technology transfer to stakeholders 4.2.5.2 Tower Technology Approach and Tasks Molten-salt power tower technology has excellent potential with its low-cost integral storage and large cost reductions possible through scale-up. Large-scale deployment of this technology occurred in the Solar Two demonstration project; the next step is deployment in a commercial plant. Many of the tasks in this area are related to assisting with near-term commercialization and scale-up of this technology, including providing technical assistance to industry and reducing the technical and financial risks. The task plan also includes many items aimed at achieving long-term competitiveness with fossil fuels, because technical innovations will be required to reach this goal. I. Developing less costly and higher performance heliostats. Heliostat performance varies with time and location in the field, impacting annual plant performance and optimal design. Testing and modeling standards are needed to insure prototype tests permit accurate annual performance estimates. The heliostats must be aimed to maximize energy collection, but avoid damaging the receiver. Improved flux management and monitoring systems are needed to protect the receiver from possible damage. Allowing for 30-year peak winds normally drives heliostat structural design, but lower-speed winds also affect performance. The combination of turbulence, bluff- body aerodynamics, heliostat structural dynamics, site variability, and temporal variability has led to expensive conservatism in heliostat design. An improved fundamental understanding of wind loads and development of risk-based design tools are needed. The heliostats’ open-loop control systems are susceptible to numerous error sources that can reduce performance. Improved, error-correcting control methodology must be developed and tested. An improved understanding of the influence of structural stiffness and drive backlash on tracking accuracy is required to optimize heliostat and system design. Heliostat beam quality is a complex phenomenon influenced by many factors that vary with location, and time, in the field. One factor is structural stiffness, which is directly tied to heliostat cost. In the long term, higher receiver flux levels will require improved heliostat tracking accuracy and beam quality because the relative target size will decrease. II. Developing low-cost and reliable salt systems. Very large reductions in LEC are possible by increasing the size of the solar plant because unit ($/kWh) capital and O&M costs decrease when power-cycle size and capacity-factor increase. One key R&D activity is supporting industry with the scale-up of salt-system technologies through analysis and testing. Stress corrosion cracking that was observed in some Solar Two piping must be addressed by validating and using materials, installation practices, and/or operational procedures that provide resistance. Additional work is needed to validate improved receiver and oven-cover designs that Solar Energy Technologies Program Multi-Year Technical Plan 88PDF Image | Solar Energy Technologies Program
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