PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 044
FUEL FROM THE SKY: SOLAR POWER’S POTENTIAL FOR WESTERN ENERGY SUPPLY ture). The changes might be dramatic, in particular, because they would occur over a time scale that is too fast for either humans or nature to adapt. Therefore, if research in the next years con- firms global climate change from CO2 emissions, then the U.S. power industry, which currently produces 40% of U.S. CO2 emissions, may experience pressure to reduce its reliance on fossil fuels, and, in particular, coal. It has been argued that the U.S. could also use carbon “sinks” to, at least in part, meet its emis- sion reduction goals. Carbon sinks are ecosystems that naturally sequester certain amounts of carbon, for example, a newly planted forest, in the U.S. or elsewhere. In 1999, the United States released about 5.6 billion tons of CO2 into the air, of which 1.7 billion came from coal-fired power plants.18 According to an article in The New York Times, in order to offset all of its domestic carbon emissions, the U.S. would have to plant a forest the size of the surface area of Jupiter, which has a surface area 120 times that of Earth.19 Certainly, even under the current draft of the Kyoto Protocol, not all CO2 emissions have to be curtailed; rather, the U.S. emissions level is targeted to be reduced to 7% below its level in 1990 by 2010. In addition, RDI Consulting calculated the area of a forest needed to sequester all U.S. carbon emissions “only” to be the size of Earth.20 Despite the differing estimates, the message is the same: Using carbon sinks alone is unlikely enough to stem potential global warming. Today, coal-fired generation contributes about 52% of all electricity produced in the U.S. and 44% of the electricity in the West. Despite uncertain profit margins, criticism from environmental groups for its mining practices, significant problems related to air emissions from coal-fired power plants, and a stagnation of its business in the current natural gas-fired generation boom, the coal industry is charged with keeping our economy humming. No other industry would be hit harder by a demand for reduction in CO2 emissions than the coal industry. Its uneasiness in the face of the Kyoto Protocol is more than understandable. Nevertheless, if the link between CO2 and climate change is further corroborated, the U.S. may need to drastically reduce carbon emissions. While carbon mitigation techniques such as sequestration of CO2 are mentioned as possible solutions, these are more long-term remedies. At this point, it is also not clear whether planting trees or sequestering carbon dioxide in geologi- cal formations is either significant or practical. In Exhibit 17 we show the CO2 emissions from western power plants in 2001, 2005, and 2010. Under RDI Consulting’s base case scenario (under which the future mix of generating sources occurs according to the economics of the plant type, which is dictated by the regional fuel price, the cost of the technology, current emis- sions cost, and regional electric market dynamics) carbon emissions increase by 13% from 658 million tons in 2001 to 746 million tons in 2010. By 2010, this increase would cause western states to miss the goals of the Kyto Protocol by an estimated 231 million tons. If western power plants were voluntarily to meet these emissions 35PDF Image | Solar Fuel From The Sky
PDF Search Title:
Solar Fuel From The SkyOriginal File Name Searched:
32160.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)