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FUEL FROM THE SKY: SOLAR POWER’S POTENTIAL FOR WESTERN ENERGY SUPPLY energy output of 150 MW of thermal energy. At times during the day, for example around noon, the solar field will produce enough heat for 150 MW of electricity. Of this, 100 MW are used to generate electric power while the other 50 MW go into storage for later use. Such a plant would have a solar-to-electric capacity ratio of 1.5 (150 MW/100 MW = 1.5). Local solar resources and the electricity market in which the thermal solar plant dispatches determine the optimal con- figuration of storage hours and solar-to-electric capacity ratio. Using heat storage, solar power plants can displace installed capacity in the market. To demon- strate this point, consider a 1,250-MW solar power plant7 with 3.5 hours of full-load storage in the Nevada Power market area. For simplicity of this illustration of the effectiveness of heat stor- age for meeting power needs, we assume that the solar-to-electric capacity ratio remains at 1.0. (In reality the solar field would likely be oversize to capture additional operational and cost advantages.) Over a recent four-year period, the Nevada Power market area had an average peak load of 3,215 MW during the peak month of August.8 In Exhibit 26 we show the average load in August together with the average solar generation,9 which a 1,250-MW solar plant with no storage located outside Las Vegas could displace from other generators. The electric energy supplied by the plant is the grey area below the load. While this power plant makes a substantial contribution to the electricity supply during the day, the output from the solar plant goes to zero at nightfall, which occurs around 8 p.m. in August. At that time, Nevada Power’s load is still nearly 3,000 MW, down from its peak of 3,125 MW. Therefore, at least 3,000 MW of conventional generation capacity is still needed to meet demand after sunset. Despite a summer rating of 1,250 MW, without heat storage this solar capacity could only displace about 125 MW of other generating capacity in the market. Exhibit 26: Generation of 1,250 MW of Solar with No Storage during Nevada Power’s Summer Peak Month (August) Hours Source: RDI Consulting 55PDF Image | Solar Fuel From The Sky
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