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total power plant cost $27,500,000. Subsequent plants were considered to be lower in cost because of our efforts to flatten the learning curve and because much of the design and developmental work would not have to be repeated. The power output from each plant would be about 2,560 kWh per installed kilowatt per year, or a total of 11,213,000 kWh/year for a five-megawatt power plant. This represents a capacity factor of 25.6% on an annual basis. The output could be increased somewhat by building a larger solar collector system and storage for some increase in cost. There are some tradeoffs between storage and maximizing efficiency. Exhibit 1 of the Pro Forma shows the first three STORES plants at the same site, thus simplifying the licensing, approvals, engineering and other costs for plants two and three. The Pro Forma also examines subsequent power plants. Exhibit 2 of the Pro Forma for the tenth STORES plant installed on a site all by itself. The O&M costs of a STORES power plant are anticipated to be in the range of $0.03 to $0.05 /kWh. For the Pro Forma, because there are a total of three plants at the first site, a composite cost for all three plants of $0.04 /kWh was assumed. While these O&M costs are lower than the existing SEGS power plants, they are not unreasonable. The SEGS plants were built during the eighties, with the Standard Offer contracts were in place, and natural gas use was allowed. Furthermore, running the power plants, especially in the early years, was a significant challenge. Each plant was unique in its own way; the technologies for design, installation, O&M were just being developed, and failures were much more commonplace. By contrast, STORES plants will be pure solar, have a much simpler operating philosophy, and will benefit from the lessons from the nine SEGS plants. The Pro Forma allows evaluation of various first costs and various O&M costs. One means to examine the reasonableness of costs is to consider the cost of alternative generation. It was originally envisaged that STORES power plants would be off-grid; in this context alternative generation would be the cost of fossil fuel fired generators or other solar generators, such as PV, at the site. As the study progressed, it was found that the best application for early STORES power plants was on-grid, on the customer’s side of the meter. Alternate generation in this context represents the collective generators that 51PDF Image | Solar Trough Organic Rankine Electricity System (STORES) Stage 1: Power Plant Optimization and Economics
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