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Electrical Power and a Useful Heat to a Heat Consumption) at the modes with the 100% heat load due to a huge amount of useful heat. The complex Steam-SCO2 cycle (1.a) includes more power equipment but this diagram is more advantageous than the previous one due to the higher electricity generation and the quite high heat utilization factor (see Figure 7 and Table2). The performances of the considered cycles exceed the ones of the T-250/300-23.5 at any heat load. Also the cycle 1.a has a high unification degree with the existing steam turbine plants. To build it, we can use the boiler, HP and IP cylinders, heat exchangers and other equipment from the existing steam cycles. Considering the above Complex Steam-SCO2 cycle, the cycle 1.a can be recommended as the initial step to use SCO2 technologies for CHP (for new plants and for the modernization of existing ones). In the cycles 2.a and 2.b the electricity generation does not depend on the heat load of the plant for fixed fuel consumption (electrical efficiency is a constant). As it is evident from Table2 and Figure 7 the diagram 2.a has the best performance (a higher electrical efficiency), but this scheme is more complicated in comparison with the embodiment 2.b. To make a choice between the cycles 2.a and 2.b the value of the capital costs and the specific needs of the customer in the thermal and electrical energy should be considered. The values of the electric efficiency and the useful heat for the cycle 2.a are superior to the similar parameters of the existing T-250/300-23.5 unit. According to the authors, the cycle 2.a is the best of all the above. Conclusions Taking into consideration high efficiency of fuel energy utilization of CHP plants and the high potential of the supercritical CO2 technology the latter should be also considered as the base of future CHP plants. In order to accommodate supercritical CO2 technology to CHP conception numerous configurations and approaches were considered and the concepts were selected as the most interesting ones: 1 - Steam Rankine cycle CHP plant with bottoming supercritical CO2 cycle where the heat production is realized by using some portion of the steam after the turbine for water heating which is then directed to the consumers; 2 - CHP plant with a unique supercritical CO2 working fluid where the heat production is realized by water heating in supercritical CO2 coolers or directly in the complex heater. The complex and simple embodiments were considered for each of the supercritical CO2 CHP plant conception: 1.a - Combined Complex Steam-S-CO2 CHP Plant; 1.b - Combined Simple Steam-S- CO2 CHP Plant; 2.a - Cascaded Supercritical CO2 CHP Plant; 2.b - Single Supercritical CO2 CHP Plant. The obvious advantages of the "Steam Rankine cycle CHP plant with bottoming supercritical CO2 cycle" conception are that the SG remains the same so it is not necessary to design a new one for the supercritical CO2, which in turn can be a quite challenging task. The HP and IP steam turbine cylinders also remain the same as well as the HP and LP heaters of the steam turbine unit regeneration system while featuring the absence of the huge LP cylinder. Also the condenser will be significantly smaller than the ordinary one due to the high condensing pressure. The bottoming SCO2 cycle is extremely simple due to the low temperature of the live CO2, the single recuperator scheme and the low temperature gradient at the recuperator. The obvious advantage of the "CHP plant with single supercritical CO2 working fluid" concept is that a single working fluid is used. 11PDF Image | Study of a Supercritical CO2 Power Cycle Application in a Cogeneration Power Plant
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