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4.2. Performance analysis of the Organic Rankine Cycles A performance analysis of the selected binary-cycles was conducted using n-pentane as the organic binary fluid. The cycle power output per unit mass flow rate of the geothermal fluid is plotted against the turbine inlet temperature for the geothermal resource temperatures of 110oC and 160oC (Fig. 8). As discussed by Lakew and Bolland [21], the increase in the turbine inlet temperature resulted in an increase of the enthalpy of the inlet fluid to the turbine and decrease in the flow rate of the working fluid. Consequently, for each type of ORC, a maximum cycle power output per unit mass flow rate of the geofluid was obtained for an optimal turbine inlet temperature. Moreover, for the given operating conditions of the ORCs, one can conclude that the addition of an IHE did not really impact on the thermodynamic performance of the cycle, whereas the regenerative system reduced significantly the cycle performance. Figure 8: Cycle power output per kg geofluid as a function of the turbine inlet temperature for oo geothermal resource temperature of (a) 110 C and (b) 160 C The First- and Second-law efficiencies, based on the geothermal fluid state at the inlet of the primary heat exchanger, and with respect to the reference temperature , are illustrated by Figs. 9 and 10 respectively, for the geothermal resource temperatures of 110oC and 160oC. Both efficiencies are observed to increase with the turbine inlet temperature up to the same optimal turbine inlet temperature, which also produced maximum cycle power output. Clearly, based on the effectiveness of the conversion of the available geothermal energy and exergy into useful work, the regenerative cycles have been less efficient and less performing compared to the basic ORCs. Figure 9: First-law efficiency at the primary heat exchanger inlet as a function of the turbine oo inlet temperature for geothermal resource temperature of (a) 110 C and (b) 160 CPDF Image | THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS AND PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATION OF ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLES FOR THE CONVERSION OF LOW-TO-MODERATE GRADE GEOTHERMAL HEAT
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