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consequently, less fuel is burned for a given furnace loading. The saving in fuel also means a 8. Waste Heat Recovery Figure 8.2 Metallic Radiation Recuperator A figure number the the hot normal decrease in combustion air and therefore stack losses are decreased not only by lowering the stack gas temperatures but also by discharging smaller quantities of exhaust gas. The radiation recuperator gets its name from the fact that a substantial portion of the heat transfer from the hot gases to the surface of the inner tube takes place by radiative heat transfer. The cold air in the annuals, however, is almost transparent to infrared radiation so that only convection heat transfer takes place to the incoming air. As shown in the diagram, the two gas flows are usually parallel, although the configuration would be simpler and the heat transfer more efficient if the flows were opposed in direction (or counterflow). The reason for the use of parallel flow is that recuperators frequently serve the additional function of cooling the duct carrying away the exhaust gases and consequently extending its service life. second common configuration for recuperators is called the tube type or convective recuperator. As seen in the 8.3, the hot gases are carried through a of parallel small diameter tubes, while incoming air to be heated enters a shell surrounding the tubes and passes over tubes one or more times in a direction to their axes. If the over termed a are used, Although baffling increases both the cost of the exchanger and the pressure drop in the combustion air path, it increases the effectiveness of heat exchange. Shell and tube type recuperators are generally more compact and have a higher effectiveness than radiation recuperators, because of the larger heat transfer area made possible through the use of multiple tubes and multiple passes of the gases. Radiation/Convective Hybrid Recuperator: For maximum effectiveness of heat transfer, combinations of radiation and convective designs are used, with the high-temperature radiation recuperator being first followed by convection type. Figure 8.3 Convective Recuperator tubes are baffled to allow the gas to pass them twice, the heat exchanger is two-pass recuperator; if two baffles a three-pass recuperator, etc. Bureau of Energy Efficiency 6PDF Image | WASTE HEAT RECOVERY
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