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Of the criteria listed above, one of the most important is the boiling point of the working fluid. This is critical because there must be heat exchange between the geothermal brine and the working fluid with a sufficient temperature difference for efficient heat exchange and the working fluid must boil. The temperature at which boiling will occur can be altered by changing the pressure of the working fluid. Since an increase in pressure typically increases the boiling point of the working fluid an adjustment in pressure could allow a working fluid to be used at various evaporator temperatures. This allows a working fluid to be used at various geothermal resource temperatures. There are some safety criteria listed, such as; toxicity, stability and flash point. Toxicity must be taken into account for safe plant operation. Also, if there were an emergency, there would be a written procedure to regain control in a safe manner. As previously mentioned, the pressure of the working fluid can be altered to have the fluid boil at a desired and designed temperature. In some cases these temperatures and pressures can be relatively high. Since some working fluids can break down, or decompose, at high temperatures and pressures fluid stability must be considered. Finally, the flash point is the lowest possible temperature at which a liquid can vaporize to form a mixture with air that will ignite. Although the flash point still requires an ignition source, it is a property that still must be considered when selecting a working fluid for a binary plant. The flash point must be known for safe operation of the facility. Additional criteria are latent heat and thermal conductivity. These properties involve the amount of heat that is transferred from the geothermal brine to the working fluid. The thermal conductivity of a fluid is ability to conduct heat. The higher the thermal conductivity, the faster heat will conduct which will reduce the size of the heat 8PDF Image | WORKING FLUID SELECTION FOR AN INCREASED EFFICIENCY HYBRIDIZED GEOTHERMAL-SOLAR THERMAL POWER PLANT IN NEWCASTLE, UTAH
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