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3.2 Power Cycles and P-h Diagrams There are four major pieces of equipment that are involved in a power cycle; the turbine, condenser, pump and evaporator. Consider the power cycle for a binary power plant with a refrigerant or hydrocarbon as the working fluid. At the inlet of the turbine, the working fluid will be in the vapor phase at high pressure. By energy balance, and neglecting the potential and kinetic energy terms, the turbine extracts the useful energy from the working fluid by taking the difference in enthalpy at inlet and outlet of the turbine, as shown in Equation 4. () (4) In this equation Ẇt represents work rate being extracted from the system, ṁwf is the working fluid mass flow rate and h is enthalpy. Subscript 1 represents the inlet conditions at the turbine while subscript 2 represents the outlet conditions. The work rate is the maximum rate output for the turbine with the given thermodynamic properties of the working fluid. At times, a turbine is given an isentropic efficiency. If the work done in the turbine was reversible and there was no heat loss, the difference in entropy would be zero. In a real process that is not reversible, where there may be heat loss, the entropy increases. By assuming an isentropic efficiency, t, typically 85%, and equating the work terms in Equations 4 and 5, the thermodynamic state at the outlet of the turbine and total work can be calculated. () (5) 26PDF Image | WORKING FLUID SELECTION FOR AN INCREASED EFFICIENCY HYBRIDIZED GEOTHERMAL-SOLAR THERMAL POWER PLANT IN NEWCASTLE, UTAH
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