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fluid can then be calculated from the total amount of heat transferred in preheating and evaporating the working fluid. Once this is done, the pinch point temperature in the geothermal brine can be calculated by Equation 12 to ensure that the heat transfers from the geothermal brine to the working fluid at all times. () (12) In this equation Tz is the pinch point temperature in the geothermal brine, Tx is the hot temperature of the brine and Ty is the cold temperature of the brine. Figure 16 shows a graphical analysis of the pinch point calculations. In Figure 15 the flow is counter current meaning that the hottest heat source vaporizes the working fluid while the cooler heat source preheats the working fluid. The abscissa is the percentage of the heat transferred, from the heat source to the working fluid, known as the heat demand. The heat supply is the geothermal mass flow line, but could be any heat source. The working fluid temperature increases until point 5 on Figure 15 where it starts to vaporize. Thereafter it remains at constant temperature until it is completely in the vapor phase. The difference in temperature between Tz and the temperature at point 5 is known as the pinch point temperature difference. As the pinch point temperature difference increases, the heat exchange becomes more efficient and requires a heat exchanger with a smaller surface area; however, not as much of the heat energy can be utilized. The opposite is also true; when the pinch point temperature difference is small, the heat exchange is less efficient, requiring a larger heat exchange 33PDF Image | WORKING FLUID SELECTION FOR AN INCREASED EFFICIENCY HYBRIDIZED GEOTHERMAL-SOLAR THERMAL POWER PLANT IN NEWCASTLE, UTAH
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