Adsorption refrigeration

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Adsorption refrigeration ( adsorption-refrigeration )

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ARTICLE IN PRESS 428 R.Z. Wang, R.G. Oliveira / Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 32 (2006) 424–458 Fig. 3. Solar-powered icemaker without valves: (1) cover plate; (2) adsorbent bed; (3) insulation; (4) condenser; (5) evaporator; (6) water tank; (7) cold box [63]. Another adsorption icemaker with the pair activated carbon–methanol, was tested in Burkina Faso by Buchter et al. [65]. The results of this prototype were compared to those obtained by Boubakri et al. [66,67] in Morocco, with a similar system, which was commercially produced in the 1980s by the French company BLM. The main difference between those systems is the presence of ventilation dampers in the former (seen in Fig. 4), which were open during the night to improve the cooling of the adsorbent bed. The machine tested in Burkina Faso presented a cooling performance about 35% higher than the machine tested in Morocco. The COP of the former machine ranged from 0.09 to 0.13 when the insolation ranged from 22 to 25 MJ m􏰃2. In this system, ice produced during the adsorption time was not removed from the cold box, and it was used to maintain the box at about 5 1C during the daytime. Hildbrand et al. [68] developed an adsorption icemaker in which water was used as refrigerant and ice was produced within the evaporator. The adsorbent was silica gel and the total solar collector area was 2m2. The scheme of this machine is presented in Fig. 5. The experiments were carried out over a period of 68 days and showed the considerable influence of the environmental condi- tions (insolation and outdoor temperature) on the performance of the system. For insolation higher than 20 MJ m􏰃2, the COP was between 0.12 and 0.23; when the mean outdoor temperature was Fig. 4. Scheme of the solar-powered refrigerator: (1) solar collector/adsorber; (2) ventilation dampers (.1) closed, (.2) open; (3) condenser; (4) evaporator; (5) ice storage; (6) cold box [65]. between 12 and 25 1C. COPs higher than 0.15 were generally obtained with outdoor temperatures below 20 1C.

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