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Figure 12. ST5+ ceramic blade after particle impact Another important measure of FOD susceptibility is blade root stress. After the impact a pressure wave is propagated to the root. Damage is often seen in the root due to the bending stress. Figure 13 shows the root stresses in the ST5+. The stresses represent an approximate 40% decrease compared to the root stresses in the ST5 geometry. Figure 13. Root stresses (MPa) in ST5+ ceramic blade after particle impact SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS Preliminary aerodynamic and mechanical design of a ceramic vane ring and a ceramic IBR has been conducted for the ST5+ microturbine. Vane and IBR airfoils of the baseline engine ST5 have been thickened and blade counts were reduced to achieve a better FOD resistance. Detailed thermal and stress analyses were performed to establish structural integrity. It was found that ST5+ ceramic vane has a low probability of failure under steady state average-inlet and hot-streak conditions. The stress in the IBR, however, is higher than desired. Further efforts are focused upon reducing the stresses in IBR and transient thermal stress analysis. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would like to thank DOE for its financial support and Debbie Haught of the DOE Office of Power Technologies and Stephen Waslo of the DOE Chicago Operations Office for their programmatic support. They also wish to acknowledge the technical support from Zarir Irani of Pratt & Whitney Canada. REFERENCES [1] Rosfjord,T., Advanced Microturbine Systems, Progress Report for Period October 6, 2000 to December 31, 2000, for US Department of Energy. [2] Chiappeta, L., 2001, ST5: Scroll Flow Field Features and Profile Factor, UTRC Internal Memo. [3] Day, W.H., Kouris, K., Holowczak, J.E., Blair, M.F., Hale, S.E. and Bornemisza, T.G., 2000, “Development of Cooled, Ceramic First Stage Vanes for the FT8 Aeroderivative Gas Turbine”, ASME Paper 00-GT-133. [4] Easley, M.L. and Smyth, J.R., 1996, “Ceramic Gas Turbine Technology Development”, ASME Paper 96-GT-367. [5] Faulder, L., McClain, J., Edwards, B. and Parthasarathy, V., 1998, “Ceramic Stationary Gas Turbine Development Program- Design and Test of a First Stage Ceramic Nozzle”, ASME Paper 98-GT-528, International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition, Stockholm, Sweden, 1998. [6] Tsuchiya, Y., Yoshino, S., Chikami, R., Tsukuda, Y. and Mori, M., 1996, “Development of Air-cooled Ceramic Nozzles for a Power-Generating Gas Turbine”, p717, vol118, 1996, J. of Eng. for Gas Turbines and Power, Tran. of ASME. [7] Wenglarz, R.A., Calcuttawala, S.M. and Pope, J.E., “Ceramic Vane Demonstration in an Industrial Turbine”, ASME Paper 97- GT-155, International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition, Orlando, Florida, 1997. [8] Tanaka, K., Tsuruzono, S., and Terazono, H., "Characteristics and Applications of the New Silicon Nitride Materials, SN281 and SN282, for Ceramic Gas Turbine Components", 6th International Symposium on Ceramic Materials and Components for Engines, 1997, pp. 248-252. [9] Smialek, J.L., Robinson, R.C., Opila, E.J., Fox, D.S., and Jacobson, N.S., "SiC and Si3N4 Recession Due to SiO2 Volatility Under Combustor Conditions", Adv. Composite Mater., Vol. 8, No. 1, 1999, pp. 33-45. [10] Nemeth, N.N., Janosik, L.A, Gyekenyesi, J.P., "Ceramics Analysis and Reliability Evaluation of Structures/Life Prediction Program, Users and Programmers Manual", NASA Glenn Research Center, 1993. [11] Jimenez, O., McClain, J., Edwards, B., Parthasasathy, V., Bagheri, H. and Bolander, G., “Ceramic Stationery Gas Turbine Development Program-design and Test of a Ceramic Turbine Blade”, ASME 98-GT-529, International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition, Stockholm, Sweden, 1998. 104 Copyright © 2002 by ASMEPDF Image | ADVANCED MICROTURBINE SYSTEMS Final Report for Tasks 1 Through 4 and Task 6
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