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Condenser Condenser pressure drops will vary with flow rate and condenser inlet temperature. Typical pressure drops for the condenser are shown in Figure 11. For the condenser, the minimum design flow is 600 gpm (37.9 l/s), and the maximum design flow is 2000 gpm (126.2 l/s). 30 25 20 15 10 5 -2 Condenser Pressure Drop vs. Cooling Water Flow Rate Hig h T em peratu 280oF - 30 (138oC - 14 re Reso 0oF 9oC) urc e Low Temperature Resource 195oF80oF (90oC - 138oC) 0 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 Cooling Water Flow Rate (gpm) Figure 11 – Condenser Pressure Drop Cooling Tower The PureCycle system requires the heat rejection of the system to be dissipated to the atmosphere or some other heat sink to allow the system to operate as intended. Typically, a cooling tower is utilized to perform this function but other equipment or processes can be used depending on the design of the specific system involved. This discussion will focus exclusively on the use of cooling towers since they are the most common type of equipment used for this purpose in commercial installations. Cooling towers transfer heat from the water circulated in the PureCycle system’s condenser to the atmosphere by pumping or spraying the water over the cooling tower “fill”, which has a relatively large surface area to improve heat transfer. Air is drawn over or through the fill section (typically by one or more fans) causing evaporation of a portion of the water, thereby cooling the remaining water to within a few degrees of the ambient wet-bulb temperature. The actual water temperature is dependent on the sizing of the tower but most towers are selected at approach temperatures (the difference between the wet-bulb temperature and the leaving water temperature) of between 10° F to 18° F (5.5oC to 10oC). As an example, a tower selected for a 10° F approach could achieve a return water temperature to the condenser of 85° F given a design wet-bulb temperature of 75° F. Sizing and selection of a cooling tower is dependent on knowing the heat rejection from the condenser, the design ambient wet-bulb temperature, the cooling water flow and the supply and return water temperatures (the approach temperature can be determined if both the design cooling water return temperature and the design wet-bulb temperature are known). Contact cooling tower manufacturers to assist with sizing the tower to the specific application. APPLICATION GUIDELINES Revision B – 09/23/2009 – Page 19 HTE66510 Pressure Drop (psid)PDF Image | Application Guide Hot Liquid to Electricity 280 kW Power
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