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Task 1-4: Layout of the CO2 Thermal Cycle and Initial Calculations We created the layout and simulated the CO2 Brayton cycle using HYSYS. A case with three turbines and four compressors is shown in Figure 2-9. We established an initial material and mass balance to make sure that all flow streams have positive pressure drops and there are no temperature crossovers between the tube side and shell side in the loop heat exchangers and recuperator. We then set the optimization design variables, along with a number of optimization constraints, to make the optimization scheme feasible. Following a number of simulations and optimizations, the case shown in Figure 2-9 gives 53.7% net plant efficiency with the CO2 Brayton cycle, which is higher than the baseline case with the helium cycle of 47%. The net plant efficiency will be improved further in future tasks by revamping the flow schematic if necessary. The details of the conditions on each stream are summarized in Table 2 shown below: Table 2-2 also contains a point comparison of the results presented in the reference design Figures 2-7 and 2-9. The difference of volumetric flow between Figures 2-7 (helium cycle) and 2-9 (S-CO2 cycle) is the reduced volumetric flow of S-CO2 in the power conversion unit of 3,012 m3/s vs. 3676 m3/h for the helium Brayton cycle. This results in less compression work and more turbine output work, which results in an ultimate improvement of efficiency. Figure 2-9. Layout of CO2 Brayton cycle with HYSYS. 11PDF Image | Development Of A Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Brayton Cycle
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