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Other Parameters Important parameters for improving the Brayton cycle efficiency are increasing the reactor core outlet temperature, increasing the efficiencies of the compressor, turbine, intermediate heat exchanger, and others. The reactor core outlet temperature was varied between 850 C and 1000 C. For each of the fixed outlet temperatures (850 C, 900 C, 950 C and 1000 C), the inlet temperature to the core was varied between 400 C and 640 C. All of the above cases are based on a three shaft arrangement for the helium Brayton cycle, using an intermediate heat exchanger effectiveness factor of 92 %, a 90 % polytropic efficiency for the compressors and turbines, and a 300C cooling temperature to the precooler and the three intercoolers. The mass flow rate through the core needed to remove 250 MW of thermal energy from the reactor core is a function of the required temperature drop across the core. Thus, the pressure drop across the core is a function of the core mass flow rate. Previously we did not account for the effect of the pressure drop on the Brayton cycle efficiency. For these calculations, we used a pressure drop equation shown below that is based on a pebble bed reactor. The friction pressure drop Pf through a pebble bed of height H [Oh and Moore, 2004] can be expressed as P H ave U2 f dh2p where is the pressure drop coefficient, H is the height of the core, dh is the hydraulic diameter, ave is the average density of the fluid in the core, and Up is the mean velocity in the gaps between the particles. The new V-B numerical model with the new pressure drop correlation was benchmarked against a three-shaft baseline case based on HYSYS simulation. The results and comparison are shown in Table 3- 2. Table 3-2. Comparison between HYSYS simulation and Visual-Basic based model. Figure 3-3 shows a three-dimensional plot of the plant busbar efficiency (this terminology is used in the turbomachinery) as a function of reactor inlet and outlet temperatures for a three-shaft 250 MW thermal helium Brayton cycle using a 92% effectiveness factor for the intermediate heat exchange and 90 % polytropic efficiency for the turbines and compressors. Calculation Method Inlet temperature/ pressure to HP turbine Outlet temperature/pressure to HP compressor Total compression work (MW) Total turbine work (MW) Busbar efficiency HYSYS 8650C / 746MPa 74.50C / 7.9 MPA 111.7 129.5 47% V-B Model 8640C/ 746MPa 77.50C / 8.0 MPA 112.7 129.9 46% 22PDF Image | Development Of A Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Brayton Cycle
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