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Implication of gas or liquid intermediate loop Implication of IH&C to system layout. Interstage heating is used to increase the inlet temperature of the turbines and increase turbine work. However, interstage heating with a gas cooled reactor has not been found to be practical due to large pressure loss incurred to perform reheating [Peterson, 2003]. To determine the effects interstage cooling on cycle efficiency 1, 2 and 3 intercoolers were added to the basic indirect recuperated Helium and N2/He mixture cycles. The pressure drop through the precooler was set at 20 kPa. With a 1-intercooler layout the intercooler pressure drop was set to 50 kPa. With 2 intercoolers the first intercooler pressure drop was set to 37 kPa and the second intercooler set to a pressure drop of 50 kPa. With a 3-intercooler layout the first, second and third intercooler pressure drops were set to 30, 40 and 50 kPa, respectively. These pressure drops were chosen because they are representative of pressure drops used by a MIT studied on an indirect Helium Brayton cycle with a maximum system pressure of 8 MPa [Wang, 2003]. A base design for each cycle was determined and input into HYSYS. HYSYS was then used to simulate and optimize each cycle. Recuperated Helium Brayton cycle The base cycle used in for this study was the indirect Helium cycle and operating conditions used in this section are summarized in Table 3-6 [Oh et al., 2005]. The efficiency without intercooling was 45.19%. The efficiency with 1, 2 and 3 intercoolers was 48.25%, 48.92% and 49.07%, respectively. Recuperated 80% N2 20% He (by weight) Brayton cycle The base cycle used in for this study was the indirect N2/He cycle and conditions used in this section are shown in Table 3-8. The efficiency without intercooling was 45.29%. The efficiency with 1, 2 and 3 intercoolers was 49.39%, 50.19% and 50.47%, respectively. Recuperated Supercritical CO2 Brayton with split flow cycle The base design chosen for the supercritical CO2 was developed at MIT [Dostal et al., 2004]. Split flow is an option for improving cycle efficiency when the working fluid is operated near its critical point. Around the critical point the fluid properties vary greatly. To take advantage of this the flow is split and a portion goes to a precooler before entering the compression stage. By compressing around the critical point the compressor work can be significantly reduced. The model developed at MIT was repeated in HYSYS to ensure consistency between the two models. The MIT model with a 600 MW(t) reactor power and a 700 °C reactor outlet temperature was simulated in HYSYS. The MIT model gave a cycle efficiency of 51.3% and the HYSYS model gave an efficiency of 51.1%. Since the models were comparable the base model was then modified in HYSYS. The MIT design was modified to be an indirect cycle with a reactor outlet temperature of 867 °C. Next the heat flow in the IHX was set to 600MW(t) to be consistent with the amount of power supplied to the PCS. The design parameters for the modified cycle are detailed in Table 2. The HYSYS optimized recompression cycle produced a cycle efficiency of 52.09% compared to the 51.1% for the base model. Although this cycle has a slightly higher efficiency, it may not be advantageous from the point of additional capital costs and the potential material problems due to the higher temperatures. 37PDF Image | Development Of A Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Brayton Cycle
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